Descriptive Statistics San Jose State University描述性统计圣何塞州立大学.pptVIP

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Descriptive Statistics San Jose State University描述性统计圣何塞州立大学.ppt

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Descriptive Statistics The farthest most people ever get Descriptive Statistics Descriptive Statistics are Used by Researchers to Report on Populations and Samples In Sociology: Summary descriptions of measurements (variables) taken about a group of people By Summarizing Information, Descriptive Statistics Speed Up and Simplify Comprehension of a Group’s Characteristics Sample vs. Population Descriptive Statistics Class A--IQs of 13 Students 102 115 128 109 131 89 98 106 140 119 93 97 110 Class B--IQs of 13 Students 127 162 131 103 96 111 80 109 93 87 120 105 109 Descriptive Statistics Which group is smarter now? Class A--Average IQ Class B--Average IQ 110.54 110.23 They’re roughly the same! With a summary descriptive statistic, it is much easier to answer our question. Descriptive Statistics Types of descriptive statistics: Organize Data Tables Graphs Summarize Data Central Tendency Variation Descriptive Statistics Types of descriptive statistics: Organize Data Tables Frequency Distributions Relative Frequency Distributions Graphs Bar Chart or Histogram Stem and Leaf Plot Frequency Polygon SPSS Output for Frequency Distribution Frequency Distribution Frequency Distribution of IQ for Two Classes IQ Frequency 82.00 1 87.00 1 89.00 1 93.00 2 96.00 1 97.00 1 98.00 1 102.00 1 103.00 1 105.00 1 106.00 1 107.00 1 109.00 1 111.00 1 115.00 1 119.00 1 120.00 1 127.00 1 128.00 1 131.00 2 140.00 1 162.00 1 Total 24 Relative Frequency Distribution Relative Frequency Distribution of IQ for Two Classes IQ Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent 82.00 1 4.2 4.2 4.2 87.00 1 4.2 4.2 8.3 89.00 1 4.2 4.2 12.5 93.00 2 8.3 8.3 20.8 96.00 1 4.2 4.2 25.0 97.00 1 4.2 4.2 29.2 98.00 1 4.2 4.2 33.3 102.00 1 4.2 4.2 37.5 103.00 1 4.2 4.2 41.7 105.00 1 4.2 4.2 45.8 106.00 1 4.2 4.2 50.0 107.0