Desegregation and Black Dropout Rates Duke University废除种族隔离和黑人辍学率杜克大学.pptVIP

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Desegregation and Black Dropout Rates Duke University废除种族隔离和黑人辍学率杜克大学.ppt

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Desegregation and Black Dropout Rates By Jonathan Guryan History of Desegregation Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) Brown v. Board of Education (1954) stated segregated schools were “inherently unequal” Over next 30 years, schools implemented desegregation plans Problem Background Previous Work James S. Coleman (1966) concluded that disadvantaged black school children learn better in well integrated classrooms Main study behind busing Criticisms of statistical methodology Robert Crain and Jack Strauss (1985) randomly offered chance to be bused to suburban school More likely to work in white-collar, professional jobs 17 years later Michael A. Boozer et al (1992) found that black students who go to high school with a higher fraction of black students complete less schooling and earn lower wages Guryan aims to refine Boozer’s study Desegregation Process The 2nd Brown decision gave enforcement responsibilities to federal district courts on a case-by-case basis Timing of integration varied at the school-district level The 1964 Civil Rights Act allowed US Department of Justice to join suit in non-compliant school districts and prohibited aid for segregated schools Green v. New Kent County (1968) forced schools to take positive actions to integrate schools instead of simply removing race-based attendance restrictions Inter - and Intra - Regional Variation of Desegregation Of 22 districts that desegregated in 1960’s, 7 were outside of the south Similarly, of the 77 districts that desegregated in the 1970’s, 35 were outside of the south Variation in timing of desegregation plans, not explained by regional differences Effectiveness of Desegregation Plans Effect of desegregation plans on racial composition of school districts Did desegregation plans lead to more racial integration? Did integration happen immediately or over the course of several years? Did racial integration last for the ten years that are relevant for the analysis “White Flight” Coleman (1975) suggested desegre