北洋政府时期论文北洋政府时期平政院制度研究.docVIP

北洋政府时期论文：北洋政府时期平政院制度研究 【中文摘要】北洋政府时期是我国历史上军阀混战最黑暗的时期,内外巨变,政局动荡不稳,同时这一时期又是继清末法制变革以后另一个重要的法制改革阶段,传统的法律制度与移植的西方新法接轨发生碰撞。在这个时期,我国行政诉讼制度最终确立并得到发展,独特的社会背景和政治环境使得这一时期产生的专门的行政诉讼机关——平政院独具特色,成为民国初年设立的中国第一个行政诉讼审判机关。平政院从1914年建立到1928年瓦解,由于北洋政府所处朝代的局限性,存续仅短短的15年,但其价值却实是不容忽视的,对北洋政府以后的南京政府,以致近代行政诉讼的发展都起到了重要的引导和启示作用。平政院的制度设计以及第一次将传统法制理念中高高在上的行政官员和普通民众对簿公堂的审判,都给当时军阀混战的年代这个封闭的社会产生了巨大的冲击,更值得一提的是给传统中国法律制度带来的全新的法律理念上的冲击和影响远远大于其一纸判决给民众个人所起的作用,对中国法制的近代化更是起到了积极的推动作用。文章一共分为五部分,着重把制度研究放在清末民初这个大背景下,通过分析社会环境、清末改革对行政诉讼的影响引出平政院的确立,从宏观制度层面分析平政院设立运行的状况,然后再深入剖析制度的特点、与当时社会的融合程度以及平政院消亡后对以后行政诉讼制度产生的影响,揭示法律移植与本土资源的关系,客观的总结平政院的创新价值以及其夭折的根本缺陷,以期对于当代的法制建设的深入有所帮助,特别是对于现在提倡的司法改革、行政诉讼模式的改革起到一定的现实意义。 【英文摘要】The ruling period of Northern Warlords Government is the darkest one in Chinese history, when the warlords fought with each other. At that time, China was subjected to internal and external great changes, and its political situation was shaky and unstable. Meanwhile, it was also a stage when the legal innovation was profoundly reformed following the legal reform of the late Qing Dynasty. The traditional legal institution integrated and collided with the transplanted occidental law. At that period, the administrative litigation system was finally founded and developed. Pingzheng courtyard, the specialized administrative litigation authority, featured a lot in that unique social background and political environment. It became the first administrative and judicial institution established in the first years of the Republic of China. Pingzheng courtyard was founded in 1914 and collapsed in 1928. Due to the limitation of historical era, it existed for only 15 years. However, its worth should not be ignored. It made great contributions to the succeeding NanJing Government and the development of administrative litigation in modern times. It was its system design and the first trial court of the officials and the public that made a tremendous impact on that sealed-in society. It is worth mentioning that it had great