嵌入式实时操作系统ARTsOS时间管理.docx

华　中　科　技　大　学　硕　士　学　位　论　文　摘要嵌入式实时操作系统是一种特殊的操作系统。是一种当外界事件或数据产生时，能够接受并以足够快的速度予以处理，其处理的结果又能在规定的时间之内来控制生产过程或对处理系统作出快速响应，并控制所有实时任务协调一致运行的嵌入式操作系统。其对于响应速度，时间的准确性，系统的可靠性提出了更为严格的要求。与此同时，其硬件资源如内存空间等非常有限，这就造成了空间与时间的尖锐的对立。因此，设计一个高效的，稳定的，功耗合理的时间管理子系统，无疑是整个操作系统提高性能的一个关键和瓶颈所在。针对嵌入式实时操作系统的特点，以 S3C2410 开发板为硬件平台，系统的介绍了时间管理子系统的设计与实现，主要包括系统时钟，定时器，看门狗等几个功能模块的分析和设计。通过论述各个模块的工作原理，基于 S3C2410 开发板，详细介绍了时间管理子系统各种功能的实现。其中，重点介绍了分层时间车轮和差分时间链两种定时器算法，对其优劣进行比较，在此基础上设计了一种优化的算法，有效的提高了定时器的性能。其次，较为详细的讨论了看门狗的工作原理以及应用技巧。为整个操作系统的稳定性提供了一道保障。通过对系统稳定性，定时器性能的测试与比较，该时间管理子系统显著提高了系统性能。定时器在各种负载下的平均性能均有大幅提高。在最高精度，最大调度时间，CPU 计算量，增减定时器的耗时等方面都有显著的改善。而看门狗定时器有效的实现了系统崩溃自恢复的功能。　关键词：时间管理优化算法定时器看门狗分层时间车轮差分时间链IV华　中　科　技　大　学　硕　士　学　位　论　文　AbstractEmbedded real-time operating system is a kind of special operating systems. Whenexternal events or data generate, it can accept and dealt with them quickly enough and theresults can be used to control the production process or rapidly response to processingsystem. It can also assure all real-time tasks to work in harmony. More rigid response speed,time accuracy and reliability of the system are requested. At the same time, the hardwareresources, such as memory space, are very limited which puts space and time in sharpopposition. Therefore, the design of an efficient and stable subsystem which could also savepower, without a doubt, would determine the performance of the entire operating system.According to the features of Embedded real-time operating system, based onS3C2410 development board as the hardware platform, the design and implementation ofthe time management subsystem are systematically introduced, including real- time clock,system clock, timer, watchdog, and analysis and design of several functional modules.Through discussing the working principle of each module, based on S3C2410development board as the platform, the details of the layered time wheels algorithm andthe difference time chain algorithm are introduced and these two algorithms are compared.And then an optimized algo