管理学第三讲.pptVIP

3 - * * Chapter 3 ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT: THE CONSTRAINTS ? Prentice Hall, 2002 3-* Learning Objectives You should learn to: Differentiate the symbolic from the omnipotent view of management 区分万能论与象征论的观点 Define organizational culture Identify the seven dimensions 七个维度that make up an organization’s culture and how these dimensions reflect the organization’s personality Explain how cultures can be strong or weak Describe the various ways that employees learn culture ? Prentice Hall, 2002 3-* Learning Objectives (cont.) You should learn to: Explain how culture constrains managers 约束 Describe the various components要素 in an organization’s specific and general environments Contrast certain and uncertain environments Identify the various stakeholders with whom managers have to deal 利益相关者 Clarify how managers manage relationships with external stakeholders ? Prentice Hall, 2002 3-* The Manager: Omnipotent Or symbolic? Omnipotent View of Management managers are directly responsible for an organization’s success if the organization performs poorly, managers will be held accountable Symbolic View of Management the actual part that managers play in organizational success or failure is minimal managers must create meaning out of randomness, confusion, and ambiguity管理者的作用仅为对随机的、混淆的、模糊的活动作出判断 Reality Suggests a Synthesis 综合 managers are neither helpless nor all powerful ? Prentice Hall, 2002 3-* Parameters参数 of Managerial Discretion判断力 Managerial Discretion Organization’s Environment Organizational Culture ? Prentice Hall, 2002 3-* 组织文化和环境对管理者的双重约束 管理者有可能改变和影响他们所处的文化和环境 The Organization’s Culture 每个人的个性由具有相对持久和稳定的特征构成，一个组织也有自己的个性，称之为组织文化 What is Organizational Culture? A system of shared meaning and beliefs held by organizational members that determines, in large degree, how they act a common perception理解和感知 individuals describe organizational culture in similar terms组织的成员用相似的术语来描绘组织文化 Organizational culture is a descriptive term描述性术语 composite picture of organ