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EnergyEfficient Positioning for Smartphones using CellID能源的高效使用cellid. ..智能手机定位.pptx

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Energy-Efficient Positioning for Smartphones using Cell-ID Sequence Matching Jeongyeup Paek, Kyu-Han Kim, Jatinder P. Singh, Ramesh Govindan MobiSys 2011 Motivation Localization: Cell-tower: less accurate, but energy-efficient Error range up to several Km GPS: accurate, but energy-hungry Quickly drains the battery (12hours) Extra information: Sensor data: accelerometer, Wireless data, etc. User behavior: predictable mobility patterns Goal: design a lightweight positioning system that exploits the predictable user mobility pattern E.g., commuting via buses (Nature paper) Cell-tower Localization Invoked network-based localization for every 2s, and recorded the position in the map Results: less accurate, not frequent enough samples Cell-tower Localization GPS Energy Consumption Energy-hungry GPS Plus, periodic or adaptive duty-cycling may not achieve significant energy savings under all conditions E.g., due to on/off delay (cf., NSDI paper like back-of-the-envelope calculation is feasible) CAPS Design User’s spatio-temporal mobility pattern + Cell-ID transition history CAPS Design Spatial GPS sampling at the cell-ID transition points (and location estimation based on these inputs) Assuming constant speed (and further map data can be used) CAPS Design: Overview CAPS Design: Cell-ID Sequencing Sequence learning: Records cell-ID, GPS position, timestamp Segments records with threshold size (e.g., 10, 20) Sequence matching: Smith-Waterman algorithm used for gene sequence matching in bioinformatics Score function: gap, match, mismatch Constraint: last cell-ID must match (CID 6) Sequence selection: Highest scored item Tie-breaking: time-of-day longer sequence etc.. If no valid match is found, GPS is turned on; GPS is turned off if its error range falls below threshold (e.g., 80m) CAPS Design: Cell-ID Sequencing (-0.5 for gap, mismatch) CAPS Design: Cell-ID Sequencing Trade-offs Match sequence length Penalty scores Evaluation Evaluation USC-HSC route Discussion Map