ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE McGraw Hill Education环境科学麦格劳山教育.pptVIP

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE: A Global Concern, 5th edition William P. Cunningham University of Minnesota Barbara Woodworth Saigo Saiwood Biology Resources CHAPTER 1ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES What is Environmental Science? Environment Environmental Science History of Environmental Science utilitarian conservation altruistic preservation CURRENT CONDITIONS Planet Earth Environmental Dilemmas population food shortages energy pollution A DIVIDED WORLD Rich vs. Poor North vs. South Developed countries vs. undeveloped countries First, Second, Third and Fourth World Countries HUMAN DEVELOPMENT Human Development Index Developmental Discrepancies basic social services education health care agrarian reform employment civil rights sustainable resource use Sustainable Development ENVIRONMENTAL PERSPECTIVES Neo-Malthusian Technological optimists/Promethean environmentalism “Cornucopian Fallacy” Lessons from the Past CHAPTER 2TOOLS FOR BUILDING A BETTER WORLD Environmental Ethics and Philosophy Universal Ethical Principles Relativists Nihilists Utilitarians Modernism Postmodernism Values, Rights Obligations Morals Animal Rights Inherent Value Instrumental Value Worldviews and Ethical Perspectives Domination Stewardship Biocentrism Ecofeminism Environmental Justice Environmental racism Toxic colonialism Is Nature fragile or resilient? Science as a Way of Knowing Scientific Method Hypotheses Testing Indirect Scientific Evidence Technology and Progress Appropriate Technology CHAPTER 3MATTER, ENERGY, AND LIFE From Atoms to Cells Atoms ions atomic number Molecules compound Organic Compounds carbon Cells Energy Types and Qualities Kinetic Energy heat temperature Potential Energy Chemical Energy Conservation of Matter Thermodynamics 1st law 2nd law Energy for Life Solar Energy Photosynthesis Chlorophyll cellular respiration From Species to Ecosystems Population Communities biological community Ecosystems Food Chains Productivity/biomass Food chain/foo