翻译第五课1.pptVIP

句式转换 二、 提炼主语（被动句，又称受事主语句） （一） 保留被动态 1.1受事主语转为属体主语（英译汉） The king , whoes eldest son was killed in a recent war, was succeeded by his second son. 国王的大儿子新近战死，王位由二儿子继承。（主体主语转属体主语） A little has been publicized about his crime. 他的罪行被公诸于众的不多。（从宾语中提炼属体主语） Newspaper articles are inspired(激发想法，艺术的或虚构的） about the President’s very good health. 报纸被授意发表文章，总统的健康状况良好。（增译小句，并从宾语中提炼属体主语） （一） 保留被动态 1.2受事主语转为属体主语(汉译英） 抗战期间，他被罪恶的日本侵略者夺去了宝贵的生命。In the Anti-Japanese War his precious life was snatched away by the vicious Japanese invaders. （一） 保留被动态 2.转为汉语特定的具有被动含义的句式或词语结构 1. 为……所 Such conduct will be looked down upon by all with sense of decency. 这种行为将为所有具有良知的人所唾弃。 2. 加以…… Principles mean very little unless they are acted up. 原则如果不加以实行就没什么意义了。 3. 得到、获得……（遭到、受到、接受、挨） The nurses were highly praised for their bravery in rescuing the lives of the infected during the spread of SARS. 那些护士因为在非典期间奋勇抢救被感染的患者而得到/获得了大家的高度赞扬。 （一） 保留被动态 3. “被”字的省略 If the expenditure is really necessary, the money can be found somehow. 如果开支确属必要，钱总是可以（被）筹集到的。 The laundry has been done and was put in the basket. 衣服已经（被）洗好（被）放在筐里了。 （二） 被动句转为主动句 1. 增加泛指的人格主语 An American, Samuel Morse, is often credited with the invention of the telegraph in 1832. 人们一般认为，电报是美国人莫尔斯在1832年发明的。 The mechanical energy can be changed into electrical energy by a generator. 人们利用发电机将机械能转化为电能。 （二） 被动句转为主动句 2. 转换为性状主语句（以原先的状语中的名词为主语） In chemistry, symbols are used to represent elements.化学用符号代表元素。 Because of the durability of the metal, a lot about bronze artifacts is known to us. 这种金属的经久耐用性使我们对青铜器有了许多新的了解。 In China, the Communist Party was born , an epoch-making event. 中国有了共产党，这是开天劈地的大事件。 Not too much can or should be read into percentage. 这些百分比不能说明太多的问题，也不应用它们来说明太多的问题。（重复性增译）（从其他成分中提取名词做主语 （二） 被动句转为主动句 3. 转为祈使句（零位主语句）（有时简单句变为复杂句） That excessive bail ought not to be required ,nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.不得要求过重的保释金，不得课过重的罚款，不得判处残酷与异常的刑罚。 Brief reference should be made here to the low melting point o