名词性从句精讲.docVIP

名词性从句 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又包括：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句中一律用陈述语序。 辨别下列名词性从句的类别： 1.How the book will sell depends on its author. 2.John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 3.The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 4.The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office. 5.He will talk to us about what he saw in England. 6.It is impossible that I go and attend the meeting. 引导名词性从句的连词： 1. 连接词：that (无词义，在句中不充当任何成分) if / whether (有词义“是否”，但不充当任何成分) 2. 连接代词：who, whom, whose, what, which,（有词义，在句中充当主语、表语、宾语或定语） 3．连接副词：when, where, why, how, （有词义，在句中充当状语） 一．主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而从句本身放在句子末尾。 1.主语从句位于主句谓语动词之前。 What matters most in learning English is enough practice. Where we shall have the meeting makes no difference. Whether the sports meeting will be held is not certain now. 2.it 作形式主语代替主语从句，而真正的主语从句位于句末。例如： It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. 3.主语从句谓语动词的单复数问题 无论主语从句有多长，一般谓语动词用单数。 Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. What he wants to tell us is not clear. 二．宾语从句 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常作谓语动词 (及物动词) 、介词、形容词的宾语。 1.作动词的宾语 I heard (that) he joined the army. She did not know what had happened. I wonder whether you can change this note for me. She told me that she would accept my invitation. 2.作介词的宾语 Our success depends on how well we can cooperate(合作）with one another. You can give the book to whomever you like. 3.作形容词(如sure,happy, glad, certain)的宾语 I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. I am sure (that) he will win the game. 4. it 可以作为形式宾语 it 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 例如： We thought it good news that the fog had finally gone. We find it necessary that we practice spoken-English every day. 5. 否定前移 若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, 等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式