Translatoin Band-【DOC精选】.docVIP

1 照相是一种既兼并客观世界，又表达独特自我的技术。照片描绘业已存在的客观现实，不过只有造相机才能揭示这种客观现实。照片反映个别摄影者的气质，这种气质是通过照相机剪裁现实而显示出来的。那就是说，摄影术有两个相互对立的观念：第一，摄影术是反映世界的，摄影者只不过是无足轻重的观察者； 第二，摄影术是无畏探索的主观性的手段，摄影者决定一切。 There are few words which are used more loosely than the word ‘civilization’. What does it mean? It means a society based upon the opinion of civilians. It means that violence, the rule of warriors and despotic chiefs, the conditions of camps and warfare, of riot and tyranny, give place to parliaments where laws are made, and independent courts of justice in which over long periods those laws are maintained. That is Civilization ---and in its soil grow continually freedom, comfort and culture. When Civilization reigns in any country, a wider and less harassed life is afforded to the masses of the people, the traditions of the past are cherished, and the inheritance bequeathed to us by former wise or valiant men becomes a rich estate to be enjoyed and used by all. 2 奥林匹克运动会可以追溯到古代。古希腊人喜欢各种运动，因为运动能使身体强健。他们每四年举行一次运动会，成千上万的人聚集在辽阔的草原上，欣赏来自希腊各地的成人和儿童的竞技。运动项目有赛跑，摔交，跑马，战车比赛等等。有成人的比赛项目，也有儿童的比赛项目。在大部分比赛中，成人和儿童都穿得很少或者不穿衣服，却在身上涂油。奖品是用野生橄榄树叶作成的花冠。谁只要能戴上一只花冠，那就是无上的光荣。 Three years ago, a group of plant scientists led by Ilya Raskin, at Du Ponts agricultural laboratory in Delaware, discovered a surge of salicylic and in the voodoo lily the day before flowering. Using a sensitive analytical technique, they discovered that the level of salicylic acid in the plant leapt almost 100 times and triggered the explosion of respiration.This established salicylic acid as a powerful chemical signal, albeit in a rather quirky plant. But what role might salicylic acid have in less exotic plants?Plants have a kind of immune system with which they fight diseases. When fungi, bacteria or viruses infect a plant, they often trigger a signal which travels to uninfected leaves where it stimulates the production of disease-fighting protein. This mechanism of disease resistance, and the signal which prepares the plants defenses,