被动语态讲解.pptVIP

被动语态（The Passive Voice) 一、运用被动语态的情景(Situations) 二、被动语态的结构与时态 (Structure and Tense) 三、被动语态举例(Examples) 四、主动变被动的方法(Method) （单宾、双宾） 五、没有被动语态的动词和词组 (Verbs and Phrases) 六、Exercises 一、运用被动语态的情景 1. 讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者 (这时可省 by 短语)。 　　 My bike was stolen last night. 2. 借助被动的动作突出动作的承受者。 　　 I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the job. 3. 为了更好地安排句子。 　　The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了） 二、被动语态的结构与时态 三、被动语态举例 ① The Great Wall was built more than 2000 years old. ② A new bridge is being built across the Changjiang River. ③ The project will (is going to) be finished next month. ④ Many trees have been planted around the lake.? ⑤ Old people should be taken care of/looked after. ⑥ Books can’t be taken out of the library 四、主动变被动的方法 宾变主，谓变被，by短语动后随 主动语态的宾语分： 1、单宾 2、双宾 注意：1、by短语可以省略。2、如果是人称代词要相应的变为主格或宾格。如图： 主动句： 主语+谓语+宾语 ③ ② ① 被动句：主语 be+过去分词 +by+宾语 例如：Luxun wrote the book. The book was written by Luxun. 2）被动语态的否定式:在第一个助动词后加not构成 例如：The letter was not written last night. 3、主、被动语态的相互转换： 主、被动句的转换可分为三个步骤： 第一步：将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语。 第二步：将主动句的动词变为被动语态的形式即“be+动词的过去分词”。 第三步：将主动句的主语变为被动句的宾语，前面要加by。 1、单宾： ?① She does her homework at school. Her homework?is done (by her) at school.( by短语常省略) ② Where do people grow cotton in China? Where is cotton grown in China? 2、双宾 带有双宾语的主动句，变被动句时，一般把“人”提前。 若将“物”提前则要在“人”的前面加to或for. 注：（“make, draw, sing, choose, buy, keep”用for,其他动词用to）. 2、双宾（举例） --- A book was given to him (by me) yesterday. ① I gave him a book yesterday. --- He was given a book (by me) yesterday. ② Mr Cheng teaches us math this term.? We math this term. ③My sister bought me a jacket last week. A jacket me last week 五、没有被动语态的动词和词组(1) 1、有些“静态”动词不能用于被动语态。 （have, co