科技英语的特点讲课版.pptVIP

* 二、科技英语句法上的特点 ① 长句多； ② 大量使用被动语态； ③ 常用形容词短语做后置定语； ④ 使用非谓语动词的频率特别高。 * ★复杂长句多 Factories will not buy machines unless they believe that the machine will produce goods that they are able to sell to consumers at a price that will cover all cost. 语法分析 符合汉语习惯 以短代长，化难为易 * There is an increasing belief in the idea that the “problem solving attitude” of the engineer must be buttressed(维持，支持，支撑) not only by technical knowledge and “scientific analysis” but that the engineer must also be aware of economics and psychology and, perhaps even more important, that he must understand the world around him. * 长句 The development of industrial technology largely strengthens human physical capabilities, enabling people to harness more energy, process and shape materials easily, travel faster, and so on while the development of microelectronics extends mental capabilities, enabling electronic “intelligence” to be closely related to a wide range of products and processes. * 长句 A further inference was drawn by pascal who reasoned that if this “sea of air”existed, its pressure at the bottom(i.e. sea level)would be greater than its pressure up and that therefore the height of mercury column would decrease in proportion to the height above sea-level. * ★被动语态多 科技英语1/3以上用被动句，但译成汉语不一定用被动语态 例句： ■ No work can be done without energy. 没有能量决不能做功. ■ All sorts of necessaries of life can be made of plastics. ■ Automobiles may be manufactured with computer-driven robots or put together almost totally by hand. * As oil is found deep in the ground, its presence cannot be determined by a study of the surface. Consequently, a geological survey of the underground rock structure must be carried out. If it is thought that the rocks in a certain area contain oil a “drilling rig” is assembled. The most obvious part of a drilling rig is called “a derrick”. It is used to lift sections of pipe, which are lowered into the hole made by the drill. As the hole is being drilled, a steel pipe is pushe