浙江省2012届高考英语二轮（完形填空）学案：第16讲语言知识考查.docVIP

第 16 讲 语言知识考查 语言知识的考查往往从词组搭配、词义辨析、语法结构及逻辑过渡词语等几个方面设题，旨在让学生日常学习中注重语言用法积累以便能在不同语境中正确地运用它们。 词组搭配在语言知识考查中所占的比重最大。历年高考完形填空选项中至少会出现两道词组题目。词组一般以以下几种形式出现： 一、词组搭配 1．以简单动词为中心＋介词/副词构成的词组辨析 【答案和解析】B　根据上文，此空需要“偏离道路”这一含义，故用go off the road。 【例1】Police reports are full of __35._accidents__ that occur when people fall into sleep and go __36__the road.(2011全国卷) 36. A. up B. off C. along D. down 【例2】…， so I decided to __47__on learning the game, do my best at each practice session, and not be too hard on myself for the things I didnt __48._know__ “just yet”. (2011北京卷) 47. A. focus B. act C. rely D. try 【答案和解析】A　虽然四个选项都可与on构成搭配，但根据下文do my best at each practice session可知作者下定决心学好篮球，把精力都集中在学习篮球上。 focus on 集中精力/注意力于…… 2. 以简单动词＋介词为中心构成的词组辨析 【例3】I watched as you faced the __25._changes__of completing your studies, starting companies with Dad，while still being a __26._model__ and a Mom of five kids. I was exhausted just watching you __27__.(2011天津卷) 27. A. in danger B. in action C. in trouble D. in charge 【答案和解析】B　根据上文语境信息，此句意思应为：光看着你不停忙碌就让我很累。in action 在运转中；in danger 处于危险中。in trouble 处于麻烦中； in charge负责，掌管。 3. 由介词＋简单名词构成的名词词组 【例4】 Now Maja was ready to keep her __48__. (2011湖北卷) 48. A. appointment B. promise C. record D. habit 【答案和解析】B　根据上下文语境，可得知此句含义为：如今，Maja该兑现诺言了。故选keep ones promise这个词组。 4. 由动词＋名词构成的词组 二、词义辨析 词义辨析主要体现于四个选项均为名词、形容词或副词等。它们在完形填空20道题中常各占一道或两道题。 【例1】 There are times when people are so tired that they fall asleep almost anywhere. We can see there is a lot of sleeping on the bus or train on the __21__ home from work in the evenings. (2011全国卷Ⅱ) 21. A. way B. track C. path D. road 【答案和解析】A　根据上文可知，在下班回家的路上人们因工作劳累而在公交车、火车上睡着，故此处因为 ：on the way home from work。 1. 名词辨析 【例2】 We were thrown