2015-2016学年人教版Book6 Unit5 语法导学案.docVIP

Book6 Unit5 语法导学案 复习v–ing 形式作状语 动词ing形式的时态、语态及意义 动词 形式 意义 以do 为例 一般式_____ 主动式_____________ 与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，与谓语动作同时发生，或基本上同时发生 被动式_____________ 与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且与谓语动作同时发生 完成式 ___________ 主动式 _____________ 与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，发生于谓语动作之前 被动式 ___________________ 与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，发生于谓语动作之前 二、V-ing形式作状语,可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。 ______ Crossing the road, he was ran over by a car. ______ Not knowing English, he couldnt understand the film. ______ Working hard, you will do well in the exam. ______ Not being a rich man himself, he helped the poor generously. ______ The children went into the classroom, talking and laughing. ______ His parents died in the war, leaving him an orphan. 三、学习v-ing形式作状语的用法时,需要注意以下四点: 1）与过去分词作状语的区别: 一般来说,v-ing形式表示____________; 过去分词表示被动、完成。 The enemy fled in a panic, leaving behind a lot of dead bodies and weapons. Defeated and frightened, the enemy fled in a panic. 2）分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语_______。如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前加上它的_______________。 ①. Comparing all the great people with each other, you’ll find that they have much in common. ②. The train having gone, we had to wait another day. 3） v-ing形式的否定式：___________ 无论在完成式还是被动式里,not必须置于v-ing形式之前。 Not having finished his homework, the boy was still doing it in the classroom. 4） v-ing形式(短语)的功能有时相当于一个状语从句。 根据这个性质,在使用v-ing形式作状语时,切记:不要在前面或后面的句子前用连词连接。 (改错) Walking on the fallen leaves in autumn, so you’ll feel very comfortable. 四．有些表示说话人态度的分词结构已成为固定用语，不遵循其逻辑主语与句子一致的原则。这些短语常见的有： generally speaking　总的来说 judging from/by ... 根据……判断 speaking of 说到…… talking of 谈到…… frankly speaking 坦白地说 considering .../taking ...into consideration考虑到…… seeing ... 考虑到…… providing 如果 supposing 即使；如果 ________________ the world resources, they are very limited. 谈到世界资源，它们是非常有限的。 语法练习: 1． The great hall was crowded with many people, _____ many children _____on their parents’ laps. A. including; seated B. including; seating C. included; sat D. i