2015届高考英语基础复习 语法突破动词的时态与语态6.docVIP

2015届高考英语基础复习 语法突破动词的时态与语态 动词的时态、语态是语法填空中必考内容之一，动词的各种时态形式都可能考到，不过最常考的是一般现在时态，一般过去时态，现在进行时态，以及一般将来时态，现在完成时态，同时还常与非谓语动词一起考查，做语法填空题时，首先要判断括号中所给动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态、语气(陈述语气还是虚拟语气)、主谓一致四个方面。 其次，在确定谓语动词的时态时，我们可从三个方面来进行判断： 1．看句子中的时间状语或时间状语从句。 2．在没有时间状语或时间状语从句时，要看上下文的谓语动词的形式。 3．看是否是特殊句型等。 例如：(2014·广东)Suddenly，he 16.found (find) that he had run out of salt.此题考查时态，因为是讲述的过去的故事，故应用过去时态。另外，在写作中要根据文章内容，恰当地使用各种时态，会使文章更鲜明、生动，更能体现一个考生的英语运用功底。　　　 动词时态 用　法 典句例示 一般现在时do/does ①现在的状态 ②经常性或习惯性 ③客观真理 ④状语从句中 ①We always care for each other and help each other. ②We have 3 classes a day. ③The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west. ④We will not go to the park if it rains tomorrow. 一般过去时did ①过去的动作或状态 ②过去经常性或习惯性动作 ③在状语从句中用一般过去时表示过去将来时态 ①We had a test yesterday. ②We often played together when we were children. ③He told me he read an interesting novel last night. ④She told me that she would come to see me when she visited China again. 动词时态 用　法 典句例示 一将将来时(将来发生的事情) will/shall do ①表示将来的动作或状态 ②表示一种趋向或习惯动作 ③表示未事先考虑过，即说话时临时作出的决定。 ④will在含有条件、时间状语从句的主句中表意愿。 ①I shall go to swim tomorrow if it is fine. ②We will die without air or water. ③My grandmother will be 90 years old next year. ④Shell tell you if you ask her. be going to do ①表示现在打算在最近或将来要做某事，这种打算往往经过事先考虑，甚至已做了某种准备； ②表将来，不能用在含有条件、时间状语从句的主句中。 ①Im going to stay at home tomorrow. ②The little boy is going to learn how to play football. be to do 表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止、职责、可能性等。 ①A meeting is to be held at 3 oclock this afternoon. ②You are to report to the police.你应该报警的。(公务安排、义务、禁止) be about to do 表示“即刻，就要”，一般不跟时间状语或状语从句连用。 ①Autumn harvest is about to start. ②He is about to leave for Beijing.他马上要去北京。 过去将来时 ①用would do，was/were going to do sth表过去将来。 ②was/were to do sth和was/were about to do sth.表过去将来。③常用于宾语从句和间接引语中，表示过去将要发生的行为或存在的状态 ①I knew you would agree ②He said he was going to come with us.③He said the meeting was to be held the next week.④I was about to leave when he came in.⑤He said he would wait until they