焙烧工艺条件对钼精矿氨浸的影响.doc

焙烧工艺条件对钼精矿氨浸的影响 黄草明 （中国有色矿业集团有限公司科技部，北京 100029） 摘要：研究了焙烧工艺条件对钼精矿浸出及回收率的影响，并采用XRDSEM等手段对焙砂和浸出渣进行了表征。结果表明在温度较低时由于钼精矿氧化不完全，致使钼精矿的氨浸和回收率都比较低；温度过高时，虽然氨浸率维持较高的水平，但回收率有所降低。随着焙烧时间的增加，氨浸率和回收率先逐渐增大后趋于稳定。在600 ℃焙烧2 h及适宜的浸出条件下，钼浸出率达到93.54%在浸出液中加入适量碳酸钠，可使钼精矿浸出率增加至97.5%。浸出渣中主要含有CaMoO4和SiO2。 关键词：钼精矿；焙烧；氨浸率；回收率TF 841.2 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1007-7545（2017）03-0000-00 Effect of Roasting Process Conditions on Leaching Rate of Molybdenum Concentrates with Ammonia HUANG Cao-ming1,2 (1. Department of Science and Technology, China Nonferrous Metal Mining (Group) Co., Ltd., Beijing 100029, China; 2. ) Abstract: Effects of roasting process conditions on extraction of molybdenum with ammonia were investigated. Molybdenum calcine and leaching residues were characterized by means of XRD and SEM. The results show that under low roasting temperature, both leaching rate and recovery of molybdenum are low due to incomplete oxidation of molybdenum concentrates. Leaching rate remains high but molybdenum recovery is low when roasting temperature is too high. Leaching rate and recovery rise firstly with increase of roasting time and then remain nearly stable. Leaching rate of molybdenum calcine is 93.54% under the conditions including roasting temperature of 600 ℃, roasting time of 2 h, and appropriate leaching condition. Leaching rate can be improved to 97.5% by addition of some sodium carbonate in leaching solution. Leaching residues mainly contain CaMoO4 and SiO2. Key words: molybdenum concentrate; roasting; ammonia leaching rate; recovery 钼矿产是我国的优势资源，储量约占世界钼总储量的25%，仅次于美国居世界第二位[1]。目前用于冶炼的钼精矿有很多种，主要是辉钼矿。辉钼矿原矿品位比较低，通过选矿后成为钼精矿，钼精矿粉中钼的含量在4050%之间[2]。当前工业上最广泛应用的处理辉钼精矿的是焙烧—氨浸工艺提取钼酸铵[3-5]。钼酸铵广泛[6]。 在钼酸铵制备工艺中，氧化焙烧是重要的工序，焙烧的目的是将MoS2转化为易溶解于氨水的MoO3。工业生产中钼精矿焙烧设备一般有多膛炉、沸腾炉、回转窑、闪速炉等[12]。焙烧工艺对后续钼焙砂溶出具有重要的影响。王连勇等[7]研究表明，焙烧反应失重过程主要分为4个阶段，分别为预热干燥段、扩散段、快速反应段和深度氧化段，钼精矿焙烧是明显的放热过程，可通过自热完成[7-9]。李大成等[10]采用流化床进行流态化焙烧可在较低温度下取得较好的MoO3转化效率不容易产生低温烧结产物能耗低且易于实现自动控制和尾气制酸。宋春玉等[11]对钼精矿焙烧工艺进行一定理论分析的基础上，确定钼精矿回转窑氧化焙烧时适宜的工艺条件。俞娟等[12]采用焙烧—氨浸—渣