主从复合句的译法.ppt

——定语从句 1、句法上是次要成分，但是语言作用上属于重要成分。 2、汉语中没有定语从句，英语的定语从句变化多样，技巧性大，需要转译。 3、定语从句的分类：限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句，状语化定语从句。 1、包孕法 例： （1）The unit we use to measure voltage is the volt. （2）A coil of wire that moves in a magnetic field will have an e.m.f. induced in it. 2、合译法：主从句合译成一个句子，运用分切法，按意群断句。 例： Fig.1 incorporates many of the factors which must be considered in developing a satisfactory system. 译：图1所示的许多因素，在研制性能良浩的系统时必须予以考虑。 3、重组法 例： （1）There is another reason why A.C. is preferred to D.C. for long distance transmission. （2）In this book we will take the pragmatic attitude that adaptive control is a special type of nonlinear feedback control. 4、分切法：在引导词前断句，将从句译成韩语中的后续性分句。 例： Many electron guns include an electro-magnetic coil at the base of the gun which can be energized to cause a pre-determined deflection. 许多电子枪的底座装有一个电磁线圈，该线圈通电后能偏转一个预定的角度。 1、包孕法 例： （1）Hydrogen, which is the lightest element, has only one electron. （2）The states of process can be separated into two categories, which change at different rates. 2、在引导词前切断，将从句译成汉语中联合复句中的分句。 例： （1）A force can be shown by a straight line, the length of which stands for the magnitude of the force. （2）A transformer is a piece of electrical distribution equipment, by means of which it is possible to change the voltage. 所谓状语化定语从句，即从形式上看是定语从句，但功能是状语从句的功能。 表现在原因、结果、条件或让步等方式上，可译成汉语中偏正复句中的相应偏句。 1、表原因的偏句，译成因果复句中的原因分句 例：Einstein, who worked out the famous theory of Relativity, won the Nobel Prize in 1921. 2、表结果的偏句，译成因果复句中的结果分句 例：Matter has certain features or properties that enable us to recognize it easily. 3、表让步的偏句，译成让步分句 例：Iron, which is not strong as steel, finds wide application. 4、表目的的偏句，译成目的分句 例：The bulb is sometimes filled with an inert gas which permits operation at a higher temperature. 5、表特定条件的偏句，译成条件分句 例：For any machine whose input force and output force are known, its mechanical advantage can be calculated. 3、译成表时间的短语 例：Electrical energy that is supplied to a lamp c