柴油机故障诊断故障设计.doc

兰州交通大学毕业设计（论文）PAGE PAGE 2摘要柴油机作为一种大型动力机械，其运行状态非常复杂，当柴油机工作时可能发生许多故障，所以需要实时监测其工作情况，确保柴油机安全正常运行。本文通过对16V240柴油机工作时产生的故障进行详细了解，以其曲轴故障为研究重点，兼顾其他故障（如气缸和活塞故障）对柴油机的故障诊断系统进行了设计。当柴油机工作时以其产生的声波为分析对象，选择CHZ-211型驻极体电容传声器接收声波信号，用YG-201前置放大器和PM20B信号调理器对采集的信号放大和初步滤波，然后把整理过的信号用PCI-6251数据采集卡进行采集和存储，采集到的信号输入计算机，计算机运用小波分析对信号进行特征提取，最后通过BP神经网络对特征量进行训练和判断，确定柴油机是否发生故障。关键词：柴油机，声波，故障诊断，传感器AbstractAs a large diesel powered machinery, the operating state of diesel engine is very complicated, there are many failures when diesel engine operating, so the need for real-time monitoring of their work to ensure diesel engine operating normally and safely.This thesis based on a detailed understanding to the failure of the 16V240 diesel engine work produced, designed the diesel engine fault diagnosis system with a focus on its crankshaft failure, taking into account other faults (such as cylinder and piston failure) . The sound waves generated by the analysis of its object when the diesel engine operating, select the CHZ-211-type electret condenser microphone to receive acoustic signals, the signal collected is amplification and initial filtering with a YG-201 pre-amplifier and signal conditioner PM20B, then collected and stored the finishing off the signals with data acquisition card PCI-6251, collected signal into the computer, the computer analyzes the signal using wavelet feature extraction, and finally by the amount of BP neural network is trained on the characteristics and judge, to determine whether the occurrence of diesel engine Failure.Keywords：Diesel engine，Acoustic，Diagnosis，SensorsPAGE 49目录第1章 绪论·······························································11.1 选题背景及研究目的···················································11.1.1 选题背景··························································11.1.2 研究目的和研究内容················································11.2 柴油机故障诊断的意义·················································21.3 柴油机故障诊断的现状和发展···········································31.3.1 国内外故障诊