弹性力学-绪论课件.pptxVIP

Basic Assumptions and Fundamental EquationsElasticity#.0 Basic AssumptionsContinuity Hooke’s law (perfect elastic body)HomogeneityIsotropic elasticitySmall deformation assumption#.1 Why these assumptions can be applied to real engineering problems? These assumptions can be accurately applied to real engineering structures such as steel, but steel is far away from being homogeneous and isotropic since it consists of various kinds of crystals which have different orientations in microscopic level.The explanation: the crystals are very small, and they are randomly distributed among the steel so that large piece of steel represent the average properties of crystals, thus it close to ideal elastic body.#.2 Three important principles The principle of superposition (*all the equation and boundary conditions are linear*)Uniqueness of solution (*under the assumption that the initial stress disappears when the external forces are removed*)Saint-Venant’s principle #.3 Fundamental equations#.3.1 The equilibrium equation:The tensor form:#.3.2 Geometric equation: relation between strain and displacementTensor form:#.3.3 Physical equations:#.3.4.1 Boundary conditions: first type(All the surface forces are known)#.3.4.2 Boundary conditions: second typeThe displacement on the boundary are known #.3.4.3 Boundary conditions: third type#.4.1 Plane strain problem#.4.2 plane stress problem#.5 Airy stress functionOnce Φ is determined, the component of stress can be solved by following equations