MINDFULNESSBASED COGNITIVE THERAPY for mindfulnessbased认知治疗.pptVIP

MINDFULNESS-BASED COGNITIVE THERAPY for CANCER (MBCT-Ca) Gently Turning Towards Trish Bartley and Ursula Bates The Three Circles Model The Circle of Suffering Distress in oncology patients Avoidance Avoidance coping strategies include behavioral or cognitive efforts to keep oneself from thinking about a stressful problem or situation. Avoidant coping strategies can also be associated with withdrawal from valued social support resources, particularly following traumatization Rumination Rumination is a way of responding to distress that involves repetitively (and passively) focusing on the symptoms of distress, and on its possible causes and consequences. Rumination is more common in people who are pessimistic, and who have negative attributional styles. The tendency to ruminate is a stable constant over time and serves as a significant risk factor for clinical depression. Not only are habitual ruminators more likely to become depressed, but experimental studies have demonstrated that people who are induced to ruminate experience greater depressed mood. There is also evidence that rumination is linked to general anxiety, post traumatic stress, binge drinking, eating disorders, and self-injurious behavior. Trauma Some survivors of cancer experience trauma -related symptoms similar to symptoms experienced by people who have survived highly stressful situations, such as military combat, natural disasters, violent personal attack, or other life-threatening events. This group of symptoms is called post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and includes avoiding situations related to the trauma, continuously thinking of the trauma, and being overexcited. People with histories of cancer are considered to be at risk for PTSD. The physical and mental shock of having a life-threatening disease, of receiving treatment for cancer, and living with repeated threats to ones body and life are traumatic experiences for many cancer patients. Distress in Cancer Patients It is