Population Ecology Environmental studies种群生态学环境研究.pptVIP

Population Ecology ES 100 8/21/07 Remember from last time: Population ecology Life Tables Cohort-based vs. Static Identifying vulnerable growth stages Age-specific birth rate Computing fitness, net reproductive rate and generation time Population projections Today: Metapopulation Theory Immigration and Emigration Source and Sink Populations Maintaining Genetic Diversity Population Models Exponential and Logistic growth Assumptions Doubling time When should this model be used? Is the Population Increasing, or Decreasing? Fitness is one indication….. But… Populations vary dramatically over time (boom/bust cycles) Individuals move in (immigration) and out (emigration) of populations Metapopulations (18.5 Bush) Nt+1 = Nt + (B-D) + (I-E) Threatened Species:Western Snowy Plover Populations across the landscape Metapopulation: sum of multiple interacting sub-populations Populations across the landscape Genetic diversity is maintained by exchange of genes between the sub-populations Populations across the landscape Most mating occurs within a sub-population Populations across the landscape Some habitat patches are better than others Populations across the landscape Sub-populations can be source populations or sink populations Populations across the landscape In source population habitats: living conditions are good, so births meet or exceed deaths competition may be great, forcing some members out Populations across the landscape Controls on immigration Distance to source population Sample Metapopulation Data Mathematical Models Uses: synthesize information look at a system quantitatively test your understanding predict system dynamics make management decisions Population Growth t = time N = population size (number of individuals) = rate of change in population size (ind/time) r = maximum/intrinsic growth rate (1/time) = fractional increase, per unit time, when resources are unlimited Population Growth Lets build a simple model (to s