Rise of Austria and Prussia collierhighschool奥地利和普鲁士的崛起collierhighschool.pptxVIP

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Rise of Austria and Prussia collierhighschool奥地利和普鲁士的崛起collierhighschool.pptx

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Rise of Austria and Prussia collierhighschool奥地利和普鲁士的崛起collierhighschool

Rise of Austria and Prussia Objectives Outline causes and results of the Thirty Years’ War. Understand how Austria and Prussia emerged as great powers. Describe how European nations tried to maintain a balance of power. What if I tell you that the WWI was not the first World War. The Thirty Years’ War Ravages Europe By early modern times, as the French philosopher Voltaire later observed, the Holy Roman Empire was neither holy, nor Roman, nor an empire. Instead, by the seventeenth century. It had became a patchwork of several hundred small, separate states. The Thirty Years’ War Ravages Europe In theory, these states were ruled by the Holy Roman emperor, who was chosen by seven leading German princes called electors. In practice, the emperor had little power over the many rival princes. This power vacuum contributed to the outbreak of the Thirty Years’ War. Religion further divided the German states. The North had became largely Protestant, while the south remained Catholic. A Brutal War Begins The Thirty Years’ War was actually a series of wars. It began in Bohemia, the present day Czech Republic. Ferdinand, the Catholic Hapsburg King of Bohemia, sought to suppress Protestants and to assert royal power over nobles. A Brutal War Begins In May 1618, a few rebellion Protestant noblemen tossed two royal officials out of a castle window in Prague. This act, known as the Defenestration of Prague, sparked a general revolt, which Ferdinand moved to suppress. As both sides sought allies, what began as a local conflict widened into a general European War. A Brutal War Begins The following year, Ferdinand was elected Holy Roman Emperor. With the support of Spain, Poland, and other Catholic states, he tried to roll back the Reformation by force. In the early stages of the war, he defeated the Bohemians (who had rebelled when he became emperor) and their Protestant allies. A Brutal War Begins Alarmed, Protestant powers like the Netherlands and Sweden sent troops into Germany.