Timby Fundamental Nursing Skills and Concepts廷比护理基本技能和概念.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * Principles of Surgical Asepsis Once equipment and areas are free of microorganisms, they remain in that state if contamination is prevented Sterility preserved: touching one sterile item with another that is sterile Once a sterile item touches something that is not sterile, it is considered contaminated Any partially unwrapped sterile package is considered contaminated Principles of Surgical Asepsis (cont’d) Question the sterility of an item considered unsterile Longer the time since sterilization, the more likely that the item is no longer sterile Commercially packaged sterile item is not considered sterile past its recommended expiration date Opened sterile item or area, left unattended, is considered contaminated Principles of Surgical Asepsis (cont’d) Once a sterile item is opened or uncovered, it becomes contaminated The outer 1-inch margin of a sterile area is considered a zone of contamination A wet sterile wrapper wicks microorganisms from its supporting surface, causing contamination Principles of Surgical Asepsis (cont’d) Coughing, sneezing, or excessive talking over a sterile field causes contamination Reaching across an area that contains sterile equipment may cause contamination Sterile items located or lowered below waist level are considered contaminated Adding an Agency-Sterilized Item Adding Sterile Gauze Adding Sterile Solution General Gerontologic Considerations Older clients more susceptible to infections Maintain intact skin, proper aseptic techniques, perineal hygiene, thorough handwashing; indwelling catheters should be avoided Bladder training, annual immunizations Ill health care workers should take sick leave rather than expose susceptible clients to infectious organisms * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Copyright ? 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams Wilkins Copyright ? 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams Wilkins Chapter 10 Asepsis Living animals or plants visib