Vapor Pressure teachnlearnchem蒸汽压力teachnlearnchem.pptVIP

Vapor Pressure Evaporation Evaporation Evaporation How Vapor Pressure is Measured Manometer Manometer A Manometer B The Manometer and Vapor Pressure Barometer Manometer Pressure and Temperature Vapor Pressure Vapor Pressure Water Molecules in Liquid and Steam Microscopic view of a liquid near its surface Behavior of a liquid in a closed container Water rapidly boiling on a stove Formation of a bubble is opposed by the pressure of the atmosphere Vapor Pressure Boiling Point and Pressure Vapor Pressure and Boiling Heating / Cooling Curve of Water Gas Collected Over Water Measuring the Vapor Pressure of a Liquid Gas Mixtures and Dalton’s Law Gases Dissolved in Liquids Davis, Metcalfe, Williams, Castka, Modern Chemistry, 1999, page 376 /pictures/Regular/AGLS020.jpg /files/1730690/uploaded/Presto%2001755%20Pressure%20Cooker%20Canner.jpg * H2O(g) molecules (water vapor) H2O(l) molecules H2O(g) molecules (water vapor) H2O(l) molecules H2O(g) molecules (water vapor) H2O(l) molecules 1 atm = 760 mm Hg 760 mm + 120 mm = 880 mm Hg Animation by Raymond Chang All rights reserved Atmospheric Pressure Zumdahl, Zumdahl, DeCoste, World of Chemistry 2002, page 401 BIG = small + height ________ = small + __________ 760 mm Hg h = 120 mm 760 mm 120 mm Small = 640 mm Hg ? Zumdahl, Zumdahl, DeCoste, World of Chemistry 2002, page 401 BIG = small + height BIG = ________ + _________ 760 mm 120 mm BIG = 880 mm Hg 760 mm Hg h = 120 mm ? Zumdahl, Zumdahl, DeCoste, World of Chemistry 2002, page 401 atmospheric pressure = 101.3 kPa atmospheric pressure = 100.4 kPa atmospheric pressure = 101.7 kPa confined gas confined gas confined gas 600 mm 200 mm 325 mm 150 mm 100 mm 500 mm 750 mm (a) (b) (c) (d) STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure) standard temperature standard pressure 1 atm 101.3 kPa 760 mm Hg 273 K 0oC Equations / Conversion Factors: K = oC + 273 oC = K – 273 1 atm = 10