WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Simpson College什么是人工智能辛普森学院.pptVIP

WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE? What is AI Strong AI and Weak AI AI domains AI methods AI and other disciplines Timeline Strong AI Weak AI Some AI Definitions The branch of computer science that is concerned with the automation of intelligent behavior.” The science of making machines do things that would require intelligence if done by men.” The study of computations that make it possible to perceive, reason, and act Some Important Questions How do we define human behavioral and thinking patterns How do we define a rational behavior What should be the difference between an ordinary program (say a sorting program) and an AI program What is the essence of intelligent behavior Specifics of AI problems Require both procedural and declarative knowledge Require reasoning abilities Require planning Require learning abilities Intelligent Agents AI methods, problems, applications Example Solution Identify the initial and the target states Choose appropriate representation of the states Decide on operators to change the states. Identify restrictions: are all operators applicable to all states? Decide on how the cost of the solution would be measured Solve the problem AI and other disciplines Philosophy Psychology/ Cognitive psychology / Cognitive Science Mathematics Computer Science Computer Engineering Computational Linguistics Biology and Neurology Timeline of AI Timeline of AI Timeline of AI Timeline of AI SHRDLU by Terry Winograd - understanding natural language in the block world DENDRAL - inferring molecular structure from the information provided by a mass spectrometer. Developed by Edward Feigenbaum Timeline of AI Timeline of AI 1980 R1 - first commercial ES - McDermott, configures orders for new computer systems. 1981 Fifth generation project in Japan. Mid 80s Neural Networks Timeline of AI Timeline of AI 2000 Robotics: Humanoid robots - Rodney Brook Robo-Cup soccer Humanoid sociable robots Interactive robot pets * * Create a robot which is autonomous