What is Motivation什么是动机.pptVIP

What is Motivation? Five General Approaches to Motivation 4. Expectancy vs. Value Theory Motivation is seen as the product of two main forces: Expectancy?expectations for reaching a goal?can I make it? Value of the goal?Is it important? And, why? Sociocultural conceptions of Motivation Emphasize the participation in communities of practice People engage in activities to maintain their identities and their interpersonal relations within a community Legitimate peripheral participation occurs when you are really interested in the task, even though you do not thing you have the abilities Class, have you ever experienced legitimate peripheral participation? When? Goal Orientation and Motivation Locke and Graham (1990) Reasons for why goal setting improves performance: Direct our attention Mobilize effort Increase persistence Promote development of new strategies Types of goals and goal orientations Mastery goals?task involved learners Performance goals--ego involved learners Work avoidant learners?success=not working hard Social goals?inclusion of peers Feedback and goal acceptance Espistemological Beliefs Beliefs about the structure, stability and certainty of knowledge, and how knowledge is best learned. Class, do you think there is a relationship between epistemological beliefs and metacognition? Please explain Dimensions: Structure of knowledge = is knowledge in a field a simple set of facts or a complex structure of concepts and relationships? Stability/certainty of knowledge = is knowledge fixed or evolves over time? Ability to learn = is ability to learn fixed or changeable? Speed of learning = can we gain knowledge quickly or does it takes time? Nature of learning = does learning mean memorizing facts or developing your own integrating understanding? Interests and Emotions Self Schemas Self efficacy?belief about our own personal competence or effectiveness in a given area?future oriented (no need for comparisons) Sources: Mastery experiences Vica