WordComposition ally文字组成盟友.ru.pptVIP

Word-Composition Word-composition is a productive type of word-building, in which new words are produced by combining two or more stems. E.g.: campsite, bluebird, whitewash, in-laws, jumpsuit. Types of composition Neutral Morphological Syntactic Neutral compounds Two stems are joined together without any connecting elements (i.e. they are juxtaposed): scarecrow, goldfish, crybaby (плакса). Subtypes of neutral compounds simple neutral compounds - consist of simple affixless stems: sunflower, bedroom, blackbird derivational, or derived compounds - have affixes in their structure: long-legged, broad-minded, globe-trotter contracted compounds - have a shortened stem in their structure (усеченный корень): H-bag (handbag), TV-set (television set), A-bomb (atomic bomb), V-day (victory day) Morphological and syntactic compounds Morphological compounds - components are joined by a linking element (‘o’, ‘i’, ‘s’): videophone, microchip; tragicomic, handicraft; craftsman. Syntactic compounds are formed by the whole fragments of speech: man-of-war (военный корабль), forget-me-not, mother-in-law. Types of word-composition Types of compounds according to their meaning Non-idiomatic - compounds whose meanings can be described as the sum of the meanings of their components: classroom, bedroom, homeland, evening-gown. Idiomatic - the meaning of the compounds cannot be described as a mere sum of its components: blackboard, football, lady-killer; ladybird, tallboy (тумбочка), bluestocking. The criteria for distinguishing between a compound and a word-combination The graphic criterion: tallboy, waterfall, night-gown, film-star. The semantic criterion: E.g. tallboy - a tall boy The phonetic criterion: ?greenhouse, ?blackbird, ?tallboy - green ?house, black ?bird, tall ?boy. The criteria for distinguishing between a compound and a word-combination Morphological criterion: blackbird – a black bird blackbirds – the blackest birds I’ve ever seen; a black