实验诊断2016上课用.pdf

Laboratory Diagnosis Laboratory Diagnosis ? The goals of the course are: ? Understand infection ? 什么是感染 ? Study the different groups of microorganisms with emphasis on laboratory diagnosis ? 不同病原微生物的实验室诊断 ? Clinical specimens collection transport. ? 临床标本采集与运送 ? Organ system infections with emphasis on specimen processing, culture on the specific media incubation under the suitable laboratory environment according to the type of the microorganism. Other methods of diagnosis such as microscopy, serology, molecular methods, chromatography. Specimen Reception Introduction to diagnostic microbiology ? collection of appropriate and adequate specimens ? 正确充分的采集标本 ? labeling and documentation of laboratory specimen ? 对标本加标签、标识 ? storage, packaging and transport to appropriate laboratory保存、包装和运送 ? the ability of the laboratory to accurately perform the diagnostic tests正确的诊断 ? biosafety and decontamination procedures to reduce the risk of further spread of the disease生物安全与排除 污染 ? timely communication of results针对结果的及时沟通 Nature of Microorganisms Infection ? 当病原微生物或条件致病性微生物侵入宿主后，进行生长繁殖，并释放毒素， 或导致机体微生态平衡失调的过程称为感染。 results when the organism has evaded the body’s external defenses, multiplied, and become established in the body ? 感染即为病原体与宿主之间相互作用的过程。 Infection: colonization by microbe and microbe-Host interactions ? 凡是由病原微生物引起的疾病统称感染性疾病 These are human illnesses caused by microorganisms or their poisonous byproducts and having the potential for occurring in epidemic numbers. Disease: illness ? Infection ≠ Infectious disease Microbe-Host Interactions ? Pathogenic microorganisms cause infection and disease in different ways.