从两大学派的分歧看西方刑法学的发展趋向.pdfVIP

2002年9月 江西公安专科学校学报 sep．，2002 第5期 总第7l期 JOURNAL OF JIANGXI PUBLIC SECURITY COLLEGE No 5 Ser．No 7l 从两大学派的分歧看西方刑法学 的发展趋向 李晓明，李 可 (苏州大学 法学院，江苏 苏州 215021) 摘要：长期以来，刑事古典学派与刑事实证学派的观点是根本对立的。这些对立主要表现在：刑罚的本质上，刑法 的评价对象上，刑罚的机能上，刑事责任的基础上，刑罚的作用上．刑罚的目的上等。也正是在这些对立和分歧中，才 使得西方刑法学从机械主义走向机动主义，从思辩走向实证，从被动走向主动，从惩罚已然之罪走向预防未然之罪， 从结果主义走向责任主义，从个人保障走向社会防卫，从责任混同走向责任分化，从责任均衡正义走向责任分配正义 等。从而完成了西方刑法学的历史进步和转变，也奠定了西方刑法学今后的发展方向与趋势。 关键词：刑事古典学派；刑事实证学派；西方刑法学；发展趋向 中图分类号：D93／97．4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1008—812 L(2002)05—0028—03 Look at the Western Science of Criminal Law Trend from the Divergence 0f Tw0 Schools LI Xiao—ming．LI Ke (Law School Suzhou University,Suzhou,2 1 502 1，China) Abstract：The ideas of criminal classical school and criminal positivism school were conflicted for a long time These conflicts show the evalution object of criminallaw,the foundation ofcriminal responsibility and the essece, function and purpose ofpunishment．It is these conflicts and divergence that make the western science of criminallawfrommechanismtoflexiblism, fromthinking——arguingtopositivism,frompassivestoinitiative,from punishing the crimes to preventing the crimes,from results to responsibilities, from individual guard to social defend,from confusing responsibility to individual responsibility,from responsibility balanced justice to re— sponsibility arrangement justice，which complete the historical progress and transform of the western science of criminallaw．and establish its development direction and trend Keywords：criminal classical school；criminal positivism school；western science ofcriminal law；devel— opmen