2017届高考英语一轮 语法12 句子的类型课件 牛津译林版.pptVIP

* 十二、句子的类型 (一)按句子的结构分，英语句子有以下四个类型 型式 例句 附注 简单句 I am a student. He and I are students. He can speak and write English well. Li Ming and Zhang Hua often studied, worked and lived together then. 一个主语加上一个谓语。 (2)两个或两个以上的主语加上两个或两个以上的谓语。 型式 例句 附注 并列句 He made a promise, but he didnt keep it. Hes tall while she is short. I must be off now, for my sister is expecting me. He is busy, so well give him a hand. 只有两个或两个以上的主谓结构并列，互不依从，才叫并列句，通常有并列连词把这些主谓结构连接起来。常用的连词有：and, so, but, for, etc.。 型式 例句 附注 复合句 I have to hurry to the shop before it closes. He was an old man who wore thick glasses. I dont know why he was late. 由一个主要的主谓结构(主句)加上一个或几个次要的主谓结构(从句)构成复合句(即主从复合句)。从句通常由关联词引出，在句子中充当某个成分。 型式 例句 附注 并列复合 句 I said that I had no time, but he insisted that I should go with him. I asked him who the lady was and he replied that she was his teacher 5 years ago. 在并列句的一个或多个分句中，又含有一个或多个从句，就构成并列复合句(即含有复合句的并列句)。 (二)简单句的五个基本句型 结构 例句 附注 主语＋连系动词＋表语 He is a teacher. She became silent. The dish smells good. It looks fine. 连系动词可分成三类： （1）表状态：be, seem, look, remain, etc. (2)表发展变化：get, go, grow, turn, etc. (3)感觉，知觉：feel, smell, sound, taste, look. 结构 例句 附注 主语＋不及物动词 The car stopped. Tom died. He works hard. It rained heavily. (1)因表达的需要，这类句子通常带上状语。 (2)这类句子没有被动语态。 结构 例句 附注 主语＋及物动词＋宾语 They enjoy the play. We study English. They hurt me. You shall have two weeks. We are living a happy life. 这类句子大多能变成被动语态，但有的动宾结构不行，如左边的四、五两句。另外，下句要视为动状结构：He walked 20 kilometres. *