基于有限测点上有噪声动力反应的大跨桥损伤识别.pdfVIP

第六届全国土木工程研究生学术论坛 清华大学 2008 基于有限测点上有噪声动力反应的大跨桥损伤识别 1 1,2 贺瑞 ，秦权 (1.清华大学土木工程系，北京100084；2. 中交桥梁技术公司，北京100 102) 摘 要：大跨桥结构需要进行实时健康监测，只能通过对脉动激励下结构动力反应的高信噪比数据识别损伤。基于结 构模态参数或动力反应的一些损伤指标被用于识别结构刚度变化的损伤的出现、位置甚至程度。迄今一方面多数研究都基 于结构全部或大部分、且为均匀分布的自由度上的模态参数或动力反应信息，另一方面脉动激励下各项因素对时域模态识 别结果误差的影响及其对损伤指标识别能力的影响讨论很少。鉴于对大跨桥梁进行实时健康监测只能在结构有限测点获取 被噪声污染的动力反应数据，本文讨论基于脉动激励下、有测量噪声和有限测点上动力反应的损伤识别问题，通过改进的 特征系统实现算法识别出有误差的不完备模态参数，根据模态参数误差的规律选择高精度的模态，研究模态柔度、模态应 变能、小波组分能量等损伤指标对大跨桥主梁上不同程度损伤识别的能力和误差，同时考虑有限测点的传感器优化布置， 以主跨1 650 m 的西堠门悬索桥的有限元模型作为算例。 关键词：结构健康监测；时域模态识别；不完备模态参数；截断的损伤指标；传感器优化布点 Damage Detection of Long-span Bridges using Noised Dynamic Responses on Finite DOFs HE Rui , QIN Quan (Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China) Abstract: Long-span Bridges need on-line structural health monitoring, which can only detect damage using structural dynamic responses of high signal-noise ratio and excited by ambient forces. Some damage indexes based on structural modes or dynamic responses, are proposed to detect occurrences, locations even severities of structural stiffness changes. So far, most studies of damage indexes use structural modes or dynamic responses on all Degree-Of-Freedoms (DOFs) or a majority of uniformly distributed DOFs, and how modal parameters identified in time domain and damage indexes based on these parameters, affected by ambient forces and noises are not yet discussed. As in on-line health monitoring only noised dynamic responses can be acquired on finite DOFs of long-span bridges, this paper discusses damage detection using noised dynamic responses excited by ambient forces. After identifying incomplete modal parameters from these responses using improved Eige