课件十三：UnificationofGermany德国的统一1300.pptVIP

课件十三：Unification of Germany 德国的统一 (13-0-0) 提纲： 一、48年革命后德意志的政治经济状况 二、普鲁士的统一活动和德国统一的完 成 三、五、六十年代的德国工人运动 The Origin of Kingdom of Prussia 普鲁士王国的建立 When Elector Friedrich III crowned himself King Friedrich I in Prussia in 1701, the new kingdom ruled by the Hohenzollern dynasty became known as the Kingdom of Prussia. After the First Partition of Poland in 1772, part of the former Polish province Royal Prussia, was merged with East Prussia. On January 31, 1773 King Friedrich II announced that the newly annexed lands were to be known as West Prussia and the old Duchy of Prussia was to be known as East Prussia. The Growth of Prussia  普鲁士王国的扩张 Light Blue: Prussia in 1865 Dark Blue: Annexed by Prussia, 1866 Light Blue Line: Border of North German Confederation Toward the Unification of Germany( 1740-1871 ) 统一之路 Bismarck (1815-98) 俾斯麦 German statesman and Prussian junker, known as “The Iron Chancellor”. He was appointed prime minister of Prussia (1862) in order to push army reform through parliament. In 1871, he became the first chancellor of the German Riech. “The Iron and Blood Chancellor”  “铁血宰相” On Sept. 30, 1862, Bismarck said in the parliament, “Germany has its eyes not on Prussia’s liberalism, but on its power. The great events of our day will not be decided by speeches and and resolutions of majority, but by blood and iron.” Schleswig-Holstein 普、奥同丹麦的战争（1864）夺得石勒苏益格和霍尔斯泰因 The duchies of Schleswig and Holstein became the personal possessions of the king of Denmark in 1460, though the population was largely German. Prussia, to stop a Danish attempt to annex the duchies, with Austria force Denmark to give them up(1864), Prussia taking Schleswig and Austria Holstein. Austro-Prussian War (1866) （also known as: Seven Weeks‘ War） 普奥战争(图为萨多瓦战役） The Austro-Prussian War, provoked by Bismarck over the Schle