宁静——威廉奥斯勒爵士的生活与行医哲学.docVIP

医学人文论文之医学大家 宁静 威廉?奥斯勒爵士的生活与行医哲学 Aequanimitas — Sir William Osler’s Philosophy on Life and Medicine 姓名：吕颜露 学号：1097199683 专业：临床医学硕博班 指导教师：胡涵锦  宁静 — 威廉?奥斯勒爵士的生活与行医哲学 摘要 威廉?奥斯勒（William Osler，1849-1919），加拿大医学家、教育家。1849年7月12日生于加拿大安大略省邦德海德镇 ，1919 年12月 29 日卒于英国牛津大学。1872年毕业于麦吉尔大学医学院，获医学博士学位。1873年赴伦敦大学生理实验室进修。先后任麦吉尔大学医学院生理学讲师、内科教授，并被聘为宾夕法尼亚大学、约翰?霍普金斯大学和牛津大学的内科学教授。1884年任费城临床医学会主席，1890年当选为英国皇家学会会员。1911年获颁男爵爵位。 他改革了临床医学教育，著有《临床内科原理》。此书是内科标准教科书，曾多次再版并被译成多国文字。他是《内科学季刊》的创办人之一，主要著作还有《近代医学之进展》。他还收藏有大量古代医学书籍，后在此基础上建立了奥斯勒图书馆。 　 奥斯勒医师是二十世纪医学领域的大师，开创了现代医学新观念与新里程，是现代医学教育的始祖、临床医学的泰斗，尤其强调医学的人文与教养。时至今日，他仍是医界的典范。　　 关键词：医学家、现代医学教育、临床医学、医学人文 Aequanimitas — Sir William Osler’s Philosophy on Life and Medicine Abstract William Osler was born in the Upper Canada in 1849, he played a key role in transforming the organization and curriculum of medical education, emphasizing the importance of clinical experience. He took his medical degree in 1872 in McGill University in Montreal, Quebec. After that, he spent several years at University of London, in the physiology laboratory of John Burdon-Sanderson (1828-1906). Osler returned to Canada and became lecturer, professor, pathologist and in 1878 physician in the institutes of medicine at McGill University. In1884, he was invited to occupy the chair of clinical medicine at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, there, he became a founding member of the Association of American Physicians. In 1888 Osler accepted an invitation to be the first professor of medicine in the new Johns Hopkins University Medical School in Baltimore. It was here that he established himself as the most outstanding medical educator of his time, and commenced the modern era with William Henry Welch (1850-1934), Howard Atwood Kelly (1858-1943), and William Steward Halsted (1852-1922). Together, the four transformed the organization and curriculum of clinical teaching and made Johns Hopkins the most famous medical school in