《一级注册计量师基础知识及专业实务+》完整习题解答.doc

《一级注册计量师基础知识及专业实务 》习题解答 目 录 1计量法律、法规及计量监督管理················································１ 2计量技术法规及国际计量技术文件··············································９ 3量和单位··································································１１ 4测量、计量································································１８ 5测量结果··································································１９ 6测量仪器及其特性··························································２１ 7测量标准··································································２５ 8计量技术机构质量管理体系的建立和运行······································２９ 9计量安全防护······························································３３ 10职业道德教育·····························································３７ 11测量数据处理·····························································３９ 12测量不确定度评定与表示···················································５３ 13测量结果的处理和报告·····················································６５ 14计量检定、校准和检测的实施···············································７０ 15检定、校准证书和检测报告·················································７９ 16计量标准的建立、考核及使用···············································８３ 17计量检定规程和校准规范的编写和使用·······································９０ 18比对和测量审核的实施·····················································９３ 19期间核查的实施···························································９４ 20型式评价的实施···························································９７ 21计量科学研究·····························································９９ 1计量法律、法规及计量监督管理 一、 思考题 1． 计量立法的宗旨是什么？ 答：为了加强计量监督管理，保障国家计量单位制的统一和量值的准确可靠，有利于生产、贸易和科学技术的发展，适应社会主义现代化建设的需要，维护国家和人民的利益。 2． 法定计量检定机构的基本职能是什么？ 答：负责研究建立计量基准、社会公用计量标准，进行量值传递，执行强制检定和法律规定的其他检定、测试任务，起草技术规范，为实施计量监督提供技术保证，并承办有关计量监督工作。 3． 什么是国家计量基准？它的主要作用是什么？ 答：国家计量基准是指经国家质检总局批准，在中华人民共和国境内为了定义、实现、保存、复现量的单位或者一个或多个量值，用作有关量的测量标准定值依据的实物量具、测量仪器、标准物质或者测量系统。它的主要作用是统一全国量值的最高依据。 4． 什么是社会公用计量标准？它的建立需要履行哪些法定程序？ 答：社会公用计量标准，是指经过政府计量部门考核、批准，作为统一本地区量值的依据，在社会上实施计量监督具有公正作用的计量标准。 它的建立需要履行的法定程序是：下一级政府计量行政部门建立的最高等级的社会公用计量标准，须向上一级政府计量行政部门申请技术考核；其他等