CS61C Anatomy of IO Devices Networks Lecture 14.ppt

CS61CAnatomy of I/O Devices: Networks Lecture 14 March 5, 1999 Dave Patterson (/~patterson) /~cs61c/schedule.html Review 1/2 Operating System started as shared I/O library Support for OS abstraction: Kernel/User bit, stacked KU bits, syscall MIPS follows coprocessor abstraction to add resources, instructions for OS Interrupt control: Interrupt Enable bit, stacked IE bits, Interrupt Priority Levels, Interrupt Mask Re-entrant via restricting int. to higher priority DMA to accelerate data movement Outline Buses Why Networks? A Simple Example: Derive Network Basics Protocol, Ethernet Administrivia, “Computers in the News” Internetworking, Protocol Suites, TCP/IP Performance Pitfalls Conclusion Recall : 5 components of any Computer Connecting to Networks (and Other I/O) Bus - shared medium of communication that can connect to many devices Hierarchy of Buses in a PC Buses in a PC Why Networks? Originally sharing I/O devices between computers  (e.g., printers) Then Communicating between computers  (e.g, file transfer protocol) Then Communicating between people (e.g., email) Then Communicating between networks of computers ? Internet, WWW Types of Networks Local Area Network (Ethernet) Inside a building: Up to 1 km (peak) Data Rate: 10 Mbits/sec, 100 Mbits/sec,1000 Mbits/sec Run, installed by network administrators Wide Area Network Across a continent (10km to 10000 km) (peak) Data Rate: 1.5 Mbits/sec to 2500 Mbits/sec Run, installed by telephone companies ABCs of Networks: 2 Computers Starting Point: Send bits between 2 computers Queue (First In First Out) on each end Can send both ways (“Full Duplex”) Information sent called a “message” Note: Messages also called packets A Simple Example: 2 Computers What is Message Format? (Similar in idea to Instruction Format) Fixed size? Number bits? Questions About Simple Example What if more than 2 computers want to communicate? Need computer “address field” in packet to know which computer should receive it (destinat