作品分析修辞讲述.docVIP

Simile（明喻） A figure of speech in which one thing is likened to another, in such a way as to clarify and enhance an image. It is an explicit comparison (as opposed to metaphor where the comparison is implicit ) recognizable by the use of word ‘like’ or ‘as’. E.g. My heart is like a singing bird. I wandered lonely as a cloud. 明喻的结构形式很丰富，除了常见的比喻词like和as外，还有其他的表现方式： Seem So as she shows she seems the budding rose, yet sweeter far than is earthly flower... 她露出犹如含苞欲放的玫瑰，却远比真实的花儿芬芳。 As if (as though) It rained as if the flood-gates of Heaven were opened, and it lighted awfully. 雨倾盆而下，犹如天上的水闸打开了，而且电光霍霍，极其可怕。 Liken... To... Doctor usually liken the heart to a pump. Compare... To... Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. As... As... Hurry up ! You walk as slow as a snail. The way (in which) I should smell it the way a cat smells a mouse. Might as well... as You might as well throw your money into the ditch as give it to him. 你把钱给他就像把钱扔进沟里一样。 A is to B what C is to D What lungs are to the body, that parks are to the city. No more... Than He had no more idea of money than a cow. With With the quickness of a cat, he climbed up the tree. A and B Love and cough cannot be hid. 爱情像咳嗽一样无法隐藏。 A word and a stone let go cannot be recalled. Metaphor（暗喻） A figure of speech containing an implied comparison, in which a word or phrase ordinarily and primarily used of one thing is applied to another. E.g. No man is an island, entire of itself; every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main: if a clod be washed away by the sea, Europe is the less, as well as if a promontory were, as well as if a manor of thy (your) friend or thine (your) own were: any man’s death diminishes me, because I am involve in mankind. 谁也不是一座自成一体的岛屿；每一个人都是这片大陆的一块泥土，是大陆的一部分：这块土被海水冲走，就像一个岬角，或你朋友的或你自己的庄园被冲走一样，都会使欧洲变小；无论谁死去都有损于我，因为我和整个人类息息相关。 隐喻的表达方式大致分为三种类型： 喻体直陈式 认定本体就是喻体，把本体和喻体说成一件事。这种方式强化了语言表达的逻辑能力。 College is a comma of a sentence of life. 喻体半隐式 此类的喻体词语通常是有名词转化而来的动词。通过这个动词对动作或状态的描述，来发现这个名词