FWEJ-Preface.pptVIP

* Electric Field Magnetic Field Preface The fields produced by the moving charges or the electric currents behaves as the function of the force acting on the magnet and the conductor carrying currents are called magnetic fields. The fields produced by the static charges behaves as the function of the force acting on the charge, and it is called the electric fields. The electric fields unchanging with time are called electrostatic fields. The magnetic fields unchanging with time are called steady magnetic fields. If the charge and the current vary with time, the electric field and magnetic field they produce will be functions of time. Electromagnetic Wave Electrostatic field and steady magnetic field are independent of each other, and may be investigated separately. The interaction between time-varying electric field and time-varying magnetic field results in an electromagnetic wave in space. Time-varying electric field and magnetic field must co-exist and have definite relation to each other, leading to a time-varying electromagnetic field. Entity The existence and transmission of electromagnetic waves need not rely on any medium. Specifically, when an electromagnetic wave travels through a vacuum, it is said to propagate in “free space”. Electromagnetic fields and waves are invisible (except for visible light), their existence can be inferred from the energy and momentum they carry. Forces and energy are the most important. In the presence of matter, an electromagnetic field gives rise to polarization and magnetization, and they in turn lead to secondary fields which will modify the original field distribution. This is the interaction between the field and matters. Field Matter For the convenience of study, we first introduce electro-magnetic fields in free space, after which the electromagnetic field in matter will be discussed. Electric charges and currents are the only sources for producing