2015-2016学年高考英语一轮复习Unit16Stories课件北师大版讲解.ppt

一、过去完成时的用法 语法专题 1．过去完成时的基本构成为had＋过去分词(done)，表示过去某一时刻或某一个动作以前完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”。常用by，before等介词短语或时间状语从句来表示这样的时间关系，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可以通过上下文来表示。过去完成时还表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for，since构成的时间状语连用。 ·When I woke up，it had already stopped raining. ·I had learned 1，000 English words till then. 语法专题 2．动词think，want，hope，mean，plan，intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图等。 ·They had wanted to help but could not get there in time. ·We had hoped to be able to come and see you. 3．过去完成时还可用在hardly...when...；no sooner...than...；It was the first (second，etc.) time (that)．..等固定句型中。 ·Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him. 语法专题 ·It was the third time that he had been out of work. ·No sooner had he arrived than he went away again. 二、过去完成时与现在完成时的区别 语法专题 现在完成时以现在的时间为基点，表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成某种影响或产生某种结果，并且这种影响和结果现在仍然存在，其结构为“have/has＋过去分词”；过去完成时则是以过去的时间为基点，所表示的动作发生在过去，造成的影响和结果也是只存在于过去的一个时间，和现在没有关系了。 ·I have seen the film many times. ·I had finished reading the book by 10：00 last night. 三、过去完成时与一般过去时的区别 语法专题 1．时间状语不同：过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”；而一般过去时只强调“过去某一特定的时间”。 ?They arrived at the station at ten yesterday. ?They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday. 2．在没有明确的表“过去”的时间状语作标志时，谓语动词动作发生的时间先后需依据上下文来判断：先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的则用一般过去时。 语法专题 ?She was very happy. Her whole family were pleased with her，too. She had just won the first in the composition competition. 3．当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用 and 或 but 连接时，按时间顺序，只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时；另外，在 before，after，as soon as 引导的从句中，由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间的先后，因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时。 ·He entered the room，turned on the light and read an evening paper. 专项训练 语法专题 Ⅰ.用所给动词或词组的适当形式完成下列句子 1．I ________ (be) at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. 2．My sister __________(hope) to be able to come and see me. 3．I ___________(plant) 100 trees till last year. 4．It was the third time that he ________ (be) late for school this week. had been had hoped had planted had been 语法专题 5．Mr.Smith ________________(go) abroad before 10：00 yesterday. 6．I ______________ (turn off) all the ligh