六单元Qualityandsafetyinconstruction.ppt

Unit 6 quality and safety in construction 质量和安全施工 Part 1 Concerning for quality and safety 关于质量和施工安全 Quality control and safety represent increasingly important concerns for project managers. Defects or failures in constructed facilities can result in very large costs. Even with minor defects, re-construction may be required and facility operations Impaired. Increased costs and delays are the result. In the worst case, failures may cause personal injuries or fatalities. Accidents during the construction process can similarly result in personal injuries and large costs. Indirect costs of insurance, inspection and regulation are increasing rapidly due to these increased direct costs. Good project managers try to ensure that the job is done right the first time and that no major accidents occur on the project. 对于项目经理而言质量控制和安全的关注日益重要。缺陷或失败的人工设施可以导致非常大的成本付出。即使有轻微的缺陷，重建可能使得设施业务受损。增加费用和延误工期。在最坏的情况下，故障可能导致人身伤害或死亡事故。在施工过程中同样可以造成人身伤害和大量费用支出。间接费用保险，检查和管理迅速增加，由于这些增加的直接费用。一个好的项目经理，应该努力确保工作第一时间完成任务同时没有重大事故发生。 As with cost control, the most important decisions regarding the quality of a completed facility are made during the design and planning stages rather than during construction. It is during these preliminary stages that component configurations ,material specifications and functional performance are decided. Quality control during construction consists largely of insuring conformance to these original design and planning decisions. While conformance to existing design decisions is the primary focus of quality control,there are exceptions to this rule. First,unforeseen circumstances, incorrect design decisions or changes desired by an owner in the facility function may require re-evaluation of design decisions during the course of construction. While these changes may be motivated by the concern for quality, they represent occasions for re-design with all the attendant objectives and constraints. As a second case,some designs rely upon informed and appropriate decision m