华蓥山特长公路隧道通风竖井设计与施工WORD稿件讲述.doc

华蓥山特长公路隧道通风竖井设计与施工 骆 驰 (1.中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司，成都 610031) 摘要：对于日益增多的长大公路隧道的建设而言，运营通风是关键技术之一，而竖井分段通风的有效性已经为实践所证明。鉴于目前国内公路隧道竖井的设计和施工方面尚无较成熟的经验，仍需作进一步的研究与探讨，结合在建的南大梁高速公路华蓥山特长公路隧道通风竖井的设计及其施工方案，阐述了当前较为成熟的深竖井围岩压力秦氏计算理论，介绍了本项目竖井围岩压力的计算方法，探讨了公路隧道竖井施工方法的特点及其适用条件，并对公路行业竖井设计与施工的规范与规程的迫切需要、秦氏竖井地压计算理论的参数取值问题及反井钻机设备的亟待研发等提出几点建议，为今后的研究工作与类似工程提供参考。 关键词：公路隧道；通风竖井；竖井设计；施工方法 中图分类号: U453.4 文献标识码：B 文章编号： Design and Construction of Ventilation Shaft in Hua Yingshan Highway Tunnel LUO Chi (1. China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co., Ltd, Chengdu 610031, China) Abstract: Tunneling ventilation in operational period was one of the key technical problems in constructing the large tunneling engineering, And one of the effective ventilation ways is that the shaft is ventilated by stage. However, because the shaft built in tunnel of domestic highway is few in quantity at present, there is no ripe experience in design and operation, it is necessary to carry on further investigation and discussion on this problem. In this paper, the Qin Shi calculation theory and construction methods of deep shaft of highway tunnel, as well as the calculation method of Hua Yingshan tunnel shaft has been introduced and discussed based on the design and construction methods of ventilation shaft of Hua Yingshan extra-long tunnel in Nan~Da~Liang highway, the paper also puts forward some suggestions on the necessary of code for design and construction of shaft in highway industry, some questions about the parameters of Qin Shi calculation theory, and the development of raise boring machine, which will provide reference for research works and similar engineering in future. Key words: Highway tunnel; ventilation shaft; design of shaft; construction method  0 引言 随着高等级公路的不断发展，山岭隧道越修越长，隧道断面越修越大，隧道的运营通风技术也向长、大方向发展 图1 华蓥山隧道通风竖井布置示意图 Fig. 1 Arrangement of shaft in Hua Yingshan tunnel 根据华蓥山隧道地质详勘报告，竖井井口处自然斜坡约10°～29°，表层为坡残积（Q4dl+el）粉质粘土和坡崩积（Q4dl+c）松散的碎、块石土覆盖，厚度0～7 m，下伏基岩为T2l地层，岩性主要为薄～中厚层状的泥灰岩、泥质灰岩