3-3土壤孔性soìlporosìty.pptVIP

四.土壤孔性与作物生长关系 对于农业生产而言，理想的孔隙应当是多级的。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 第三节 土壤孔性 soil porosity Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 土壤孔隙状况 土壤是一个疏松多孔体，既有颗粒与颗粒之间的粒间孔隙，也有团聚体与团聚体之间的结构孔隙。孔隙的大小、几何形状、多少以及在土壤不同层次中分配关系都是极为复杂的。所以，土壤孔隙具有发生学特征和意义。 土壤孔隙担负着保存水分和通气（气体交换）双重功能。孔隙大小和多少对于协调土壤水气矛盾至关重要。土壤孔隙是微生物活动的场所，是植物根系伸展的主要通道。可见，孔隙性状是土壤的重要质量指标。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 一.土壤孔隙数量 （一）孔隙度 1.土壤密度(soil specific gravity)（ρs) 概念：单位容积固体土粒(不包括粒间孔隙的容积)的质量称为土壤密度。（克/厘米3） Particle density will also be determined for this soil. Particle density only takes into account the volume occupied by the solid particles. It excludes the volume occupied by air and water 定义式 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 一.土壤孔隙数量 影响土壤密度的因素： 土壤密度仅仅取决于土壤固相颗粒的物质组成。 Since a large portion of most soils is composed of particles derived from quartz minerals, the particle density of most soils is near 2.6 g/cc, which is the density of quartz. Variations in the particle density are due to the presence of heavier minerals like iron oxides or lighter organic components. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 一.土壤孔隙数量 土壤密度值： 绝大多数矿物的密度为2.60~2.70之间，对于矿质土壤而言，经常取其中间值2.65作为土壤密度近视值。 土壤密度与质地关系：砂质土壤密度值与石英接近，而粘质土壤含铁、镁矿物较多，密度一般较大。 有机质含量高的土壤密度小。所以，耕层土壤密度比底层土壤小。 问题：1.密度与土壤压实程度有关系吗? 2.土壤密度与土壤干湿程度有关系吗？ Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 一.土壤孔隙数量 （二）容重（假密度）bulk density(ρb）（