英美文学关键内容.docVIP

英美文学关键内容 Alliteration Alliteration is regular repetition of the same sounds---usu. Initial consonants of words or of stressed syllables--- in Old and Middle English verse. Big Ben Super Sonic Mickey Mouse Iambic Pentameter Iambic pentameter is a meter in poetry, consisting of lines with five feet (hence pentameter) in which the iamb is the dominant foot (hence Iambic). Iambic rhythms are quite easy to write in English and iambic pentameter is among the most common metrical forms in English poetry. Like the rest of the meters it has its origins in Greek poetry. da-DUM da-DUM da-DUM da-DUM da-DUM(weak STRONG / weak STRONG / weak STRONG / weak STRONG / weak STRONG) Was-THIS the-FACE that-LAUNCHD a-THOU sand-SHIPS Rhyme Rhyme is the echo or coincidence of sounds at the end of the line. It is a similarity of sound between words, such as moon, spoon, croon, tune, and June. Rhyme is often employed in verse. ?Loveliest of trees, the cherry now Is hung with bloom along the bough, And stands about the woodland ride Wearing white for Eastertide. Stanza Stanza is a recurrent grouping of two or more lines of a poem in terms of length, metrical form, and, often, rhyme scheme. The more common stanzaic forms are A. couplet 双行 , B. tercet 三行 , C. quatrain (ballad stanza 民歌韵段 ), D. rhyme royal 御韵（ 7 行抑扬格 5 步，韵式 ababbcc ） , E. ottava （ 8 行抑扬格 5 步，韵式 abababcc ） , F. the Spenserian stanza 斯宾塞韵段（ 9 行 --- 前 8 行抑扬格 5 步，最后 1 行 6 步，韵式 abab bcbc c ）和 G. sonnet. Sonnet Sonnet is a lyric poem comprising 14 rhyming iambic pentameter lines. The rhyme schemes of the sonnet follow basically two patterns: A) The Italian sonnet (the Petrarchan) comprises an 8-line (octave) of two quatrains, rhymed abbaabba, followed by a 6-line (sestet) usually rhymed cdecde or cdcdcd. B) The English sonnet (Shakespearean) comprises 3 quatrains and a final couplet, rhyming ababcdcdefefgg. An important variant of this is Spenserian which rhymes ababbabccdcdee. Famous English sonneteers are Sir Philip Sidne