Book5grammar.pptVIP

Grammar and usage To-infinitive Figure out the meanings of the proverbs and the usage of the underlined part. To know everything is to know nothing. It is easier to get money than to keep it. Eat to live, but not live to eat. I. The to-infinitive can be 1. subject of a sentence To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。 了解英语是一回事， 会英语是另一回事。__________ something about English is one thing; __________ English is quite another. 先制定个计划是个好主意。________ a plan first is a good idea. 学好英语很难。 ________________ is difficult. = It is difficult ______________. 再见到你真高兴。 It’s a great pleasure to see you again. Tip: 动词不定式和不定式短语做主语时，常用it做形式主语，其句型结构为：It is +形容词或名词（或词组）+不定式短语…。 这时的形容词常为easy, difficult, hard, good, useful, wrong, right, necessary, impossible, important 等。名词或词组常为a fact, a great day, a great thing, a pity 等。 如要说明动词不定式的动作的执行者，可在不定式前加一个介词for引导的短语，其句型结构为：It is +形容词+for sb +不定式短语。如： Mr White thinks that it is right for rich people to help poor people. 但如果表语是kind, nice, clever, wise, foolish, careless 等描述动作执行者的性格品质的形容词时,则应在不定式前加一个of引导的短语,而不用for, 句型结构为: It is +形容词+ of sb. + 不定式短语。如： It’s kind of you to help me with my math. 固定结构It takes/took sb. some time to do sth….(做某事花费某人多少时间)。如： 他花了5个月的时间学开车。 It took him five months to learn to drive. 动词不定式还可以和what, where, how, when, which等连接代词（副词）连用，在句中做主语。如： 如何使用电脑是个问题。 ____________________ is a problem. 2. object 英语中能以不定式作宾语的动词很多，常见的有afford, decide, expect, hope, learn, want, offer 等。如： Indians ___________ hot food. (喜欢吃) They ______________ a map. (需要看) 疑问词+带to的不定式结构可作动词宾语。这些疑问词是who, what, when, where, which, how等。和这结构连用的动词（词组）有find out, decide, know, tell, forget, understand, wonder等。如： 我不知道如何用电脑。 I don’t know how to use a computer. We haven’t decided ______________. (什么时候开始） 1. I couldn’t decide __________________. (买哪辆自行车) 2.Ask him ____________. (什么时候把它打开) 3.I told her _____________. (怎么找到我) 3. object complement 1) 动词+宾语+带to的不定式作宾语补足语。常见的这类动词（词组）有ask, teach, tell, want, like, ask for, wait for, advise, invite, have, warn, wish, get等