(成才之路)高中物理人教版选择修读3—4[学案演示课件]-第11章节机械振动第四节单摆.pptVIP

Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. ※ 了解单摆的组成及单摆回复力的推导 ※※ 理解单摆周期公式并能用于计算 ※※ 会用单摆测定重力加速度 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 你荡过秋千吗？你观察过秋千在摆动时的特点吗？ Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1．单摆由 、 组成． 2．单摆的小角度摆动为 ，其周期、频率与振幅大小、 无关． 轻质丝线 有孔小球 简谐运动 摆球质量 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. (1)单摆：在细线的一端拴一个小球，另一端固定在悬点上，如果线的质量相对于球的质量以及球的直径相对于线长可以忽略，这样就形成单摆． (2)单摆是一个理想化的模型． ①在这个模型里，悬线无弹性、不可伸缩、没有质量，小球是质点． ②实际做成的单摆，悬线的伸缩越小，质量越轻，小球的质量越大，直径与线长相比可忽略，则越接近理想化的单摆． Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 做一个单摆下列器材可供选用的是(　　) A．带小孔的实心木球　　　 B．带小孔的实心钢球 C．长约1m的细线 D．长约1m的细铁丝 E．长约10cm的细线 答案：BC Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. (1)单摆的回复力是重力沿圆弧切向的分力F＝mgsinθ提供的． (2)单摆在偏角很小的时候做简谐运动． ①在任意位置P，则有向线段为此时的位移x，重力G沿圆弧切线方向的分力G1＝Gsinθ提供摆球以O点为中心做往复运动的回复力． Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 特别提醒： (1)单摆振动的回复力为摆球重力沿圆弧切线方向的分力，回复力不是摆球所受的合外力． (2)单摆的摆动不一定都是简谐运动，只有单摆做小角度(摆角小于5°)摆