第11章节置胃管术和.pptVIP

第六章 胃肠道护理技术 第一节 置胃管术 第二节 与排便有关护理技术 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 禁忌：纵隔肿瘤 食管静脉曲张 食管阻塞者 将导管经鼻腔或口腔通过食道插入胃内的方法。 适用管饲饮食和洗胃。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 课堂目标 1.掌握胃管插入长度的测量方法 2.掌握检查胃管在胃内三种方法 3.掌握鼻饲法的注意事项 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 鼻饲法(nosogastric gavage) 将导管经鼻腔插入胃内，从管内灌注流质食物、营养液、水份和药物的方法。 定义： 1、昏迷病人或不能经口进食者。 2、不能张口的病人（破伤风病人） 3、早产儿和病情危重及绝食的病人 适应症： Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1、用物的准备 无菌鼻饲包（胃管） Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 常用普通胃管（单腔）12、14、16、18号等多种规格，可由橡胶及硅胶等组成，成人常用14号胃管，全长125cm，在45、55、65、75cm处标有标记，相当于胃管插入分别深达贲门，胃体、幽门和十二指肠，常用于胃肠减压、鼻饲、诊断性实验等。 常用胃管及用途： Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 2.患者准备： 体位：半坐卧位 或坐位 侧卧位 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 测量胃管插入长度： 成人一般45-55cm左右 鼻尖至耳垂再到剑突距离 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 前额发际到胸骨剑突处 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 持纱布托胃管 先稍上平行 再后下缓慢插入 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 插管至咽喉部时（10~15cm），嘱患者做吞咽动作，顺势将胃管轻轻插入。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 出现剧烈恶心、呕