- 1、本文档共13页,可阅读全部内容。
- 2、原创力文档(book118)网站文档一经付费(服务费),不意味着购买了该文档的版权,仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用,不得用于商业用途,未经授权,严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等,侵权必究。
- 3、本站所有内容均由合作方或网友上传,本站不对文档的完整性、权威性及其观点立场正确性做任何保证或承诺!文档内容仅供研究参考,付费前请自行鉴别。如您付费,意味着您自己接受本站规则且自行承担风险,本站不退款、不进行额外附加服务;查看《如何避免下载的几个坑》。如果您已付费下载过本站文档,您可以点击 这里二次下载。
- 4、如文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等,请点击“版权申诉”(推荐),也可以打举报电话:400-050-0827(电话支持时间:9:00-18:30)。
查看更多
托福阅读――动物类(五)
智 课 网 托 福 备 考 资 料
托福阅读――动物类(五)
A heated debate has enlivened recent studies of evolution.
Darwin s original thesis, and the viewpoint supported by
evolutionary gradualists, is that species change continuously but
slowly and in small increments. Such changes are all but invisible
over the short time scale of modern observations, and, it is
argued, they are usually obscured by innumerable gaps in the
imperfect fossil record. Gradualism, with its stress on the slow
pace of change, is a comforting position, repeated over and over
again in generations of textbooks. By the early twentieth century,
the question about the rate of evolution had been answered in
favor of gradualism to most biologists satisfaction.
Sometimes a closed question must be reopened as new
evidence or new arguments based on old evidence come to light.
In 1972 paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould and Niles Eldredge
challenged conventional wisdom with an opposing viewpoint,
the punctuated equilibrium hypothesis, which posits that species
give rise to new species in relatively sudden bursts, without a
lengthy transition period. These episodes of rapid evolution are
separated by relatively long static spans during which a species
may hardly change at all.
The punctuated equilibrium hypothesis attempts to explain a
curious feature of the fossil record --- one that has been familiar
to paleontologist for more than a century but has usually been
ignored. Many species appear to remain unchanged in the fossil
record for millions of years --- a situation that seems to be at
odds with Darwin s model of continuous change. Intermediated
fossil forms, predicted by gradualism, are typically lacking. In
most localities a given species of clam or coral persists essentially
unchanged throughout a thick formation of rock, only to be
replaced suddenly by a new and different species.
The evolution of North American horse, which was once
presented as a classic textbook example of gradual evolution, is
now providing equally co
您可能关注的文档
- 微软 Excel (Lesson 2).pdf
- 微震技术在地下矿井安全监测的应用.pdf
- 德国迈纳德MN公司MBR膜生物反应器.pdf
- 必修三_unit1_festivals_around_the_world_情态动词.ppt
- 必克英语 微杂志 2012年8月第二期 这一刻,冲吧!.pdf
- 必修二Unit4 Wildlife protection Grammar.ppt
- 我的雅思口语8分模...pdf
- 托福口语黄金80题十大万能理由(精美图文版).pdf
- 托福机经:2014年11月23日托福口语预测9套题.pdf
- 托福阅读模拟试题 鲸的起源.pdf
- 2024高考物理一轮复习规范演练7共点力的平衡含解析新人教版.doc
- 高中语文第5课苏轼词两首学案3新人教版必修4.doc
- 2024_2025学年高中英语课时分层作业9Unit3LifeinthefutureSectionⅢⅣ含解析新人教版必修5.doc
- 2024_2025学年新教材高中英语模块素养检测含解析译林版必修第一册.doc
- 2024_2025学年新教材高中英语单元综合检测5含解析外研版选择性必修第一册.doc
- 2024高考政治一轮复习第1单元生活与消费第三课多彩的消费练习含解析新人教版必修1.doc
- 2024_2025学年新教材高中英语WELCOMEUNITSectionⅡReadingandThi.doc
- 2024_2025学年高中历史专题九当今世界政治格局的多极化趋势测评含解析人民版必修1.docx
- 2024高考生物一轮复习第9单元生物与环境第29讲生态系统的结构和功能教案.docx
- 2024_2025学年新教材高中英语UNIT5LANGUAGESAROUNDTHEWORLDSect.doc
文档评论(0)