信息管理系统复习参考.docxVIP

信息管理系统复习一．KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS(名词解释)：英文书Crowdsourcing：Experience of the essenceof crowdsourcing,when businesses provide enabling technologies that allow people(i.e,crowds)-instead of a designated paid employee-to create ,modify,and oversee the development of a product or service.众包:众包模式的本质就是体验，即企业提供能动的技术，让人（即大众）而不是指定某个员工来创造、修改或开发某种产品或服务。Information technology(IT)：any computer-based tool that people use to work with information and support the information and information-processing needs of an organization.信息技术：指各种以计算机为基础的工具，人们用它来加工信息，并支持组织的信息需求和信息处理任务。Internal information：Internal information describes specific operational aspects of an organization.内部信息：主要描述组织中特定业务的内容。External information：External information describes the environment surrounding the organization.外部信息：描述组织外部环境的信息。Knowledge：Knowledge is a broad term that can describe many things ：（1）it can provide contextual explanation for business intelligence;(2)it can provide toward actions to take to gain business intelligence;(3) it can include intellectual assets such as patents and trademarks;(4)it include organizational know-how for things such as best practices.知识：知识是一个比较宽泛的概念：（1）它包括对商务智能的内容解释；（2）也指为获得商务智能而采取的行动；（3）包括知识资产，如专利和商标；（4）也包括在组织内什么是最佳实践行为。Customer relationship management(CRM)system：uses information about customers to gain Insights into their needs,wants,and behaviors in order to serve them better.客户关系管理：就是从客户信息中深入分析客户的需求、想法及消费行为，以便更好地 为他们服务。Enterprise resource planning(ERP)system：a collection of integrated software for business management,accounting,finance,human resources mangement ,project management,inventory management,service and maintenance,transportation,e-business,and supply chain management,customer relationship management,and e-collaboration.企业资源计划系统:一个集成软件的集合，涵盖商业管理、会计、财务、人力资源管理、 项目管理、库存管理、服务和维护、运输以及电子商务，当然也包括供应链管理、客户管理和电子协调。IT culture：IT culture refers to how the IT function is placed structurally whitin an organization’s philosophical approach to the development,development ,and us