菠萝蜜花粉萌发及胚发育的显微观察.PDFVIP

湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版) 2015 年 8月 第 41卷 第 4期 Journal of Hunan Agricultural University (Natural Sciences), Aug. 2015, 41(4):391–395 DOI:10.13331/ki.jhau.2015.04.010 投稿网址： 菠萝蜜花粉萌发及胚发育的显微观察 李映志，余庆，李洪波，吴钿，叶春海* (广东海洋大学农学院，广东 湛江 524088) ? 摘 要：为了解菠萝蜜(Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.)受精及胚发育过程，采用荧光显微、整染透明及石蜡切片 法观察菠萝蜜的花粉萌发和胚发育过程。结果表明：1) 菠萝蜜授粉 6 h后，花粉粒开始萌发；授粉 12 h后，花 粉管开始进入花柱；授粉 72 h后，花粉管通过花柱进入子房；2) 谢花后第 9天，胚乳先于合子分裂；谢花后第 16、18和 21天，胚依次发育至球形胚、心形胚和子叶胚，胚乳为细胞型胚乳；3) 菠萝蜜不形成种子的主要原 因有胚囊败育、胚珠败育及胚囊未受精。 关 键 词：菠萝蜜；胚囊；胚乳；败育；花粉萌发 中图分类号：S667.801 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1007?1032(2015)04?0391?05 Microexamination on pollen germination and embryo development of jackfruit Li Yingzhi, Yu Qing, Li Hongbo, Wu Tian, Ye Chunhai* (College of Agricultural, Guandong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China) Abstract: In order to understand the processes of pollen germination and embryo development of jackfruit, fluorescence microscope technique, whole stain-clearing technique and paraffin sections were employed in this experiment. Results showed that, pollens germinated around 6 h after pollination; pollen tube entered into the style 12 h after pollination; pollen tube entered into the ovary 72 h after pollination. Endosperm began to divide before zygote at the 9th day after the flower had withered. Embryo finally matured through developments of globular embryo, heart- shaped embryo and cotyledon embryo, which was at 16th, 18th, 21th day after the flower had withered, respectively. Fertilized polar nucleus developed into cellular endosperm. Seed failure could result from embryo sac abortion, ovules abortion and unfertilized embryo sac. Keywords: Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.; embryo; endosperm; abortion; pollen germination 收稿日期：2014–12–08 修回日期：2015–06–09 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目；广东省教育厅项目(GDOU2013050319，GDOU2013050217)；广东省科学技术厅项目 (2013B020304004) 作者简介：李映志(1976—), 男, 湖南祁东人, 博士, 副教授, 主要从事果树生物技术与育种研究, lyingzhi2005@12