七年级英语下第5单元语法点整合.docVIP

限定词一、限定词概述　　定词是与名词密切相关的词类，包括冠词（a（n），the）、形容词性指示代词（this，that， these，those）、形容词性物主代词（my，your，our，etc．）、形容词性不定代词（both，every，much，some， etc．）、数词（one，two，etc；first，second，etc．；one-third，three-fifths，etc．）和特指形容词（next，only，etc．）。限定词用于名词的前面，限定名词所指的范围，表示该名词是特指还是泛指，是定量还是不定量。限定词的使用并非随意，受着名词种类及形式的制约，与名词有着特定的搭配关系，在多个限定词连用时相互之间还有着相对固定的位置二、限定词与名词的搭配关系　　限定词一般不用于专有名词，用于普通名词时要根据名词的数和类别来决定。普通名词可分为如下三类：　单数可数名词，如：a desk, a pencil等。　复数可数名词，如：desks, pencils等。　不可数名词，如：coffee, fire等。　　各限定词与三类名词搭配关系可分为以下几种情况：A. 能与三类名词搭配的限定词　　定冠词the, 如：the book, the books, the bread等。　　物主代词、名词所有格，如：　　　my / Johns book　　　my / Johns books　　　my / Johns bread　　all / some / any / no，如：　　　all / some / any / no book　　　all / some / any / no books　　　all / some / any / no bread　　other / such，如：　　　other / such student　　　other / such students　　wh -words (eg. what, which, whose等）。　　　Im sorry you had such terrible weather.　　　Which John do you mean, John the baker or John the post man？Note:　　such经常与不定冠词连用构成such + a(n) + adj + 名词结构。如：　　　　Ive never lived in such a large house as this before.　　　　They havent had such a good time for ages.B. 只能与单数可数名词搭配的限定词　　如：a (n), each, every, either, one等。　　　I told every student to come.　　　She knows every pupil of the class.　　　You may use either hoe.C. 只能与复数可数名词搭配的限定词　　如：both, (a) few, several, these / those, a (great) number of, two / three, many等。　　　Were asking a few friends round to dinner.　　　A great number of animals are killed every year.　Note:　　many后面可以跟a (n)放在单数可数名词前，尽管还表示“许多”的意思，但动词用单数。　　　　Many a man is going to welcome the foreign guests.　　　　Many a friend has been invited to this party.D. 只能与不可数名词搭配的限定词　　如：(a) little, a bit of, a great amount of, a great deal of, much 等。　　　In fact I know a bit of Spanish.　　　A large amount of money is spent on tobacco every year.E. 能与单数可数名词和复数可数名词搭配的限定词　　如：the first / second, the next, the other 等。　　　Whats the next thing to do?　　　John wanted to know what the other doctors suggest.F. 能与复数可数名词和不可数名词搭配的限定