Density profiles and clustering of dark halos and clusters of galaxies.pdf

a r X i v : a s t r o - p h / 0 2 0 7 2 0 2 v 1 9 J u l 2 0 0 2 Matter and Energy in Clusters of Galaxies ASP Conference Series, Vol. **VOLUME***, **YEAR OF PUBLICATION** Eds.: S. Bowyer and C.-Y. Hwang Density profiles and clustering of dark halos and clusters of galaxies Yasushi Suto Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. Abstract. Density profiles of cosmological virialized systems, or dark halos, have recently attracted much attention. I first present a brief historical review of numerical simulations to quantify the halo density profiles. Then I describe the latest results on the universal density profile and their observational confrontation. Finally I discuss a clustering model of those halos with particular emphasis on the cosmological light-cone effect. 1. Introduction The key assumption underlying the standard picture of structure formation is that the luminous objects form in a gravitational potential of dark matter ha- los. Therefore, a detailed description of halo density profiles as well as of their clustering properties is the most basic step toward constructing the formation and evolution of galaxies and clusters. More specifically, the importance of the detailed studies of density profiles of dark halos is two-fold: (i) theoretical interest; What is the final (quasi-)equilibrium state of cosmological self-gravitating systems (as long as the energy dissipation is neglected) ? One may easily think of two quite distinct, but equally plausible, possibilities; (A) the systems reach a certain universal distribution which is indepen- dent of the cosmological initial condition. (B) the systems somehow keep the memory of the cosmological initial condition even at the highly nonlinear regime. The singular isothermal sphere: ρ(r) = σ2 2πG 1 r2 (1) may be a reasonable possibility along the line of the idea (A). As a matter of fact, quite often I meet people who argue that the idea (B) is unlikely because of the strong nonlin